美国一份最近的研究报告显示,在细胞水平击溃复杂癌症的研究取得突破,研究人员找到了能够揭示癌细胞形成和生长的关键信号,这将为癌症的诊断和治疗提供帮助。
研究人员以研究单核粒细胞白血病(juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia ,JMML)为例,称他们现在能够利用世界最先进的流式细胞仪技术对单个细胞进行详细检测,能够观察到细胞类型和细胞信号的传导通路。这项研究成果发布在10月号《癌细胞》(Cancer Cell)杂志上。
流式细胞仪帮助研究人员检测到单核粒细胞白血病患儿体内细胞产生的信号。这种疾病是一种儿童骨髓增生性恶性疾病,难以诊断。在发病时,患者体内会有多种细胞信号发生复杂的变化。研究人员发现了大多数患者身上都出现STAT5信号,这说明JAK-STAT信号在癌症发生的生物学机制中起到了关键作用。这一成果为将来的治疗提出了重要参考。
美国加州大学儿童医院和海伦迪勒家庭综合癌症中心的Mignon L. Loh是这次研究的负责人之一,他在《癌细胞》杂志举办的新闻发布会上说,这项工作成功地利用了单核粒细胞白血病患者体内的单细胞信号。随着时间的推移,研究人员看到了在这种疾病诊断、缓解、复发和转变的整个过程中细胞信号的变化。这是一个子细胞异常信号发展的完整过程。
这项研究的另一位参与者、斯坦福大学医学院的Garry P. Nolan说,通过测量信号蛋白如何对特定的刺激诊断做出反应和发现哪些信号是受到癌细胞的影响,我们基本上能够确定癌细胞自身增长的途径。在单细胞水平为癌症病人进行诊断的这种方法使医生能够尽早发现癌症,并可以深入了解癌细胞对特定的治疗手段如何反应或适应。单细胞诊断技术的另一个意义就是,将来研究人员最终能预测癌细胞可能会使用哪些途径规避目前的疗法,从而及时采取对患者最有效的治疗措施。(生物谷Bioon.com)
生物谷推荐原始出处:
Cancer Cell,Vol 14, 335-343,Garry P. Nolan,Mignon L. Loh
Single-Cell Profiling Identifies Aberrant STAT5 Activation in Myeloid Malignancies with Specific Clinical and Biologic Correlates
Nikesh Kotecha,1,2 Nikki J. Flores,5 Jonathan M. Irish,1,3 Erin F. Simonds,1 Debbie S. Sakai,5 Sophie Archambeault,5 Ernesto Diaz-Flores,5 Marc Coram,4 Kevin M. Shannon,5,6 Garry P. Nolan,1,7, and Mignon L. Loh5,6,7,
1 Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
2 Biomedical Informatics Program, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
3 Department of Medicine, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
4 Division of Biostatistics, Stanford University School of Medicine, Stanford, CA 94305, USA
5 Department of Pediatrics, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
6 UCSF Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of California, San Francisco, San Francisco, CA 94143, USA
Summary
Progress in understanding the molecular pathogenesis of human myeloproliferative disorders (MPDs) has led to guidelines incorporating genetic assays with histopathology during diagnosis. Advances in flow cytometry have made it possible to simultaneously measure cell type and signaling abnormalities arising as a consequence of genetic pathologies. Using flow cytometry, we observed a specific evoked STAT5 signaling signature in a subset of samples from patients suspected of having juvenile myelomonocytic leukemia (JMML), an aggressive MPD with a challenging clinical presentation during active disease. This signature was a specific feature involving JAK-STAT signaling, suggesting a critical role of this pathway in the biological mechanism of this disorder and indicating potential targets for future therapies.