韩国首尔大学医学院尹鸿德教授领导的研究团队,阐明了有关抑癌基因p53的活性调控机制的新理论,被认为开辟了新型癌症治疗药物的新方向。该项研究是在韩国教育科技部和韩国研究财团的共同支援下完成的。
作为研究目标的p53基因是癌症研究的核心方向。研究人员发现,大约一半的癌症患者体内的p53基因发生了变异或者受到损伤,p53基因正常功能的丧失被认为同多种癌症的发病直接相关。在正常情况下,p53能够启动损伤修复过程,调控细胞周期。如果修复失败,p53还能启动细胞凋亡过程,组织细胞突变向癌变转化。
基因突变等因素将导致p53丧失活性,使其失去对癌细胞增生的抑制能力。但是相关研究始终未能在分析生物学的层面阐释p53基因丧失活性的机制。
尹鸿德领导的研究团队,利用实验鼠的胚胎干细胞和癌细胞解析了p53的生物学活性同钙调磷酸酶结合蛋白1(CABIN1)的关系。研究发现,为了迅速处理细胞损伤,在正常状态下,p53分布在基因附近但表现出低活性。这是因为钙调磷酸酶结合蛋白1同p53的结合使p53的功能受到抑制,但是细胞损伤发生后,该蛋白能够迅速同p53分离,激发p53的活性,而且起到活性增强作用。
据报道,研究人员相信,这一成果被认为开启了p53研究的新天地,为抗癌新药的开发提供了新的方向。(生物谷Bioon.com)
生物谷推荐原始出处:
Nature Structural & Molecular Biology 9 August 2009 | doi:10.1038/nsmb.1657
Cabin 1 restrains p53 activity on chromatin
Hyonchol Jang1, Soo-Youn Choi1, Eun-Jung Cho2 & Hong-Duk Youn1
Abstract
The tumor suppressor p53 has been proposed to bind target promoters upon genotoxic stress. However, recent evidence shows that p53 occupies some target promoters without such stress, suggesting that a negative regulator might render p53 transcriptionally inactive on these promoters. Here we show that calcineurin binding protein 1 (Cabin1) is a negative regulator of p53. Downregulation of Cabin1 induces activation of a subset of p53 target genes. Cabin1 physically interacts with p53 on these target promoters and represses p53 transcriptional activity in the absence of genotoxic stress, by regulating histone modification and p53 acetylation marks. Knockdown of Cabin1 retards cell growth and promotes cell death after DNA damage in a p53-dependent manner. Thus, Cabin1 inhibits p53 function on chromatin in the quiescent state; the presence of inactive p53 on some promoters might allow a prompt response upon DNA damage.
1 National Research Laboratory for Metabolic Checkpoint, Departments of Biomedical Sciences & Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Cancer Research Institute, Seoul National University College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea.
2 National Research Laboratory for Chromatin Dynamics, College of Pharmacy, Sungkyunkwan University, Suwon, Republic of Korea.