美国梅奥诊所一项最新研究显示，拥有致密型乳腺和乳腺小叶未退化的女性罹患乳腺癌的风险显着提高。
梅奥诊所研究人员在新一期美国《国家癌症研究所杂志》（JNCI）网络版上报告说，他们对2666名年龄在18至85岁患有良性乳腺病的妇女进行了超过13年的追踪调查，其间共有172名妇女患上乳腺癌。结果发现，致密型乳腺和乳腺小叶未退化是诱发乳腺癌的两项独立风险因素。与拥有非致密型乳腺以及乳腺小叶完全退化的妇女相比，同时具有致密型乳腺和乳腺小叶未退化两项风险因素的妇女患乳腺癌的几率显着提高。
据介绍，致密型乳腺是指乳房拥有较多的胸腺组织和导管，而脂肪含量较少，这意味着癌细胞将有更多发展和隐藏区域；乳腺小叶退化是乳腺上皮细胞的正常生理萎缩，并随着年龄的增长而加快。梅奥诊所研究人员在此前一项研究中发现，乳腺癌变通常发生在乳腺小叶，如果乳腺小叶随着年龄增长而逐渐退化，妇女患乳腺癌的风险将会降低。（生物谷Bioon.com）
生物谷推荐英文摘要：
J Natl Cancer Inst (2010) doi: 10.1093/jnci/djq414
Independent Association of Lobular Involution and Mammographic Breast Density With Breast Cancer Risk
Karthik Ghosh, Celine M. Vachon, V. Shane Pankratz, Robert A. Vierkant, Stephanie S. Anderson, Kathleen R. Brandt, Daniel W. Visscher, Carol Reynolds, Marlene H. Frost and Lynn C. Hartmann
Affiliations of authors:Division of General Internal Medicine, Department of Medicine (KG), Division of Epidemiology, Department of Health Sciences Research (CMV), Division of Biomedical Statistics and Informatics, Department of Health Sciences Research (VSP, RAV, SSA), Division of Breast Imaging, Department of Radiology (KRB), Division of Anatomic Pathology, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology (CR), Division of Medical Oncology, Department of Oncology (MHF, LCH), Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN; Department of Pathology, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI (DWV)
Background Lobular involution, or age-related atrophy of breast lobules, is inversely associated with breast cancer risk, and mammographic breast density (MBD) is positively associated with breast cancer risk.
Methods To evaluate whether lobular involution and MBD are independently associated with breast cancer risk in women with benign breast disease, we performed a nested cohort study among women (n = 2666) with benign breast disease diagnosed at Mayo Clinic between January 1, 1985, and December 31, 1991 and a mammogram available within 6 months of the diagnosis. Women were followed up for an average of 13.3 years to document any breast cancer incidence. Lobular involution was categorized as none, partial, or complete; parenchymal pattern was classified using the Wolfe classification as N1 (nondense), P1, P2 (ductal prominence occupying <25%, or >25% of the breast, respectively), or DY (extremely dense). Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) to assess associations of lobular involution and MBD with breast cancer risk were estimated using adjusted Cox proportional hazards model. All tests of statistical significance were two-sided.
Results After adjustment for MBD, having no or partial lobular involution was associated with a higher risk of breast cancer than having complete involution (none: HR of breast cancer incidence = 2.62, 95% CI = 1.39 to 4.94; partial: HR of breast cancer incidence = 1.61, 95% CI = 1.03 to 2.53; Ptrend= .002). Similarly, after adjustment for involution, having dense breasts was associated with higher risk of breast cancer than having nondense breasts (for DY: HR of breast cancer incidence = 1.67, 95% CI = 1.03 to 2.73; for P2: HR of breast cancer incidence = 1.96, 95% CI = 1.20 to 3.21; for P1: HR of breast cancer incidence = 1.23, 95% CI = 0.67 to 2.26; Ptrend= .02). Having a combination of no involution and dense breasts was associated with higher risk of breast cancer than having complete involution and nondense breasts (HR of breast cancer incidence = 4.08, 95% CI = 1.72 to 9.68; P= .006).
Conclusion Lobular involution and MBD are independently associated with breast cancer incidence; combined, they are associated with an even greater risk for breast cancer.
