巴西和加拿大研究人员的一项最新研究表明，癌症患者感染H1N1可导致呼吸道窘迫综合征（ARDS）和死亡等严重后果。目前尚需进一步研究数据以确定这些患者不良进展的预测因素。相关论文近期发表于《肿瘤学年鉴》（Ann Oncol）。
该研究回顾了因新型H1N1感染导致记性呼吸衰竭的患者，采用实时逆转录聚合酶链反映（RT-PCR）和尸检对患者肺组织进行病毒学和细胞学分析。
研究共分析了8例年龄为55～65岁的患者，其中5例为实体瘤（62.5%），3例为恶性血液肿瘤（37.5%）。研究发现，5例患者需接受机械通气且最终死亡，4例患者患上细菌性支气管肺炎，所有死亡病例死亡原因为多器官衰竭，3例存活患者肺部疾病较轻。研究对所有患者进行了肺组织检查分析，并发现大部分患者出现弥漫性肺泡损伤。研究还观察到坏死性细支气管炎和大面积出血。（生物谷Bioon.com）
生物谷推荐原文出处：
Ann Oncol doi: 10.1093/annonc/mdq254
Severe novel influenza A (H1N1) infection in cancer patients
L. A. Hajjar1, T. Mauad2, F. R. B. G. Galas1, A. Kumar3, L. F. F. da Silva2, M. Dolhnikoff2, T. Trielli1, J. P. Almeida1, M. R. L. Borsato2, E. Abdalla4, L. Pierrot4, R. Kalil Filho1, J. O. C. Auler Jr1, P. H. N. Saldiva2 and P. M. Hoff5,*
Abstract
Background: The natural history and consequences of severe H1N1 influenza infection among cancer patients are not yet fully characterized. We describe eight cases of H1N1 infection in cancer patients admitted to the intensive care unit of a referral cancer center.
Patients and methods: Clinical data from all patients admitted with acute respiratory failure due to novel viral H1N1 infection were reviewed. Lung tissue was submitted for viral and bacteriological analyses by real-time RT-PCR, and autopsy was conducted on all patients who died.
Results: Eight patients were admitted, with ages ranging from 55 to 65 years old. There were five patients with solid organ tumors (62.5%) and three with hematological malignancies (37.5%). Five patients required mechanical ventilation and all died. Four patients had bacterial bronchopneumonia. All deaths occurred due to multiple organ failure. A milder form of lung disease was present in the three cases who survived. Lung tissue analysis was performed in all patients and showed diffuse alveolar damage in most patients. Other lung findings were necrotizing bronchiolitis or extensive hemorrhage.
Conclusions: H1N1 viral infection in patients with cancer can cause severe illness, resulting in acute respiratory distress syndrome and death. More data are needed to identify predictors of unfavorable evolution in these patients.
