一项研究发现,有针对性地打击一小群被认为促进了黑色素瘤的肿瘤细胞有可能帮助治疗这种可能致命的皮肤癌。黑色素瘤常常产生含有各种遗传类型的肿瘤细胞的肿瘤。为了检验一个假说,即这些肿瘤内的一小群具有遗传相似性的细胞促进了黑色素瘤的生长,Hinrich Abken及其同事使用了一种免疫疗法瞄准了被认为是补充这种肿瘤的细胞。这组作者向移植到小鼠的人类黑色素瘤注射了经过改造的人类免疫细胞,这些细胞被改造成了能够杀死含有两种癌症相关蛋白的黑色素瘤细胞。这组作者发现,即便这些癌症相关蛋白只装饰了典型的黑色素瘤病灶的不到2%的黑色素瘤细胞,以这两种蛋白(而不是以其他蛋白)为靶标的免疫细胞在很大程度上让这些肿瘤缩小并且在注射后的多于36周的时间里遏制了黑色素瘤。这组作者说,这些免疫细胞很可能通过打开了参与程序性细胞死亡的酶从而毁灭了它们的目标细胞。
这组作者报告说,尽管这些表面蛋白本身不太可能是这种肿瘤的关键分子成分,这些蛋白标记了一小群可能作为黑色素瘤核心的肿瘤细胞。这组作者提出,研发治疗黑色素瘤的药物的工作可能因为瞄准这一群肿瘤细胞而获益。(生物谷Bioon.com)
生物谷推荐英文摘要:
PNAS doi: 10.1073/pnas.1009069108
Eradication of melanomas by targeted elimination of a minor subset of tumor cells
Patrick Schmidta, Caroline Kopeckya, Andreas Hombacha, Paola Zigrinob, Cornelia Mauchb,c, and Hinrich Abkena,c,1
Proceeding on the assumption that all cancer cells have equal malignant capacities, current regimens in cancer therapy attempt to eradicate all malignant cells of a tumor lesion. Using in vivo targeting of tumor cell subsets, we demonstrate that selective elimination of a definite, minor tumor cell subpopulation is particularly effective in eradicating established melanoma lesions irrespective of the bulk of cancer cells. Tumor cell subsets were specifically eliminated in a tumor lesion by adoptive transfer of engineered cytotoxic T cells redirected in an antigen-restricted manner via a chimeric antigen receptor. Targeted elimination of less than 2% of the tumor cells that coexpress high molecular weight melanoma-associated antigen (HMW-MAA) (melanoma-associated chondroitin sulfate proteoglycan, MCSP) and CD20 lastingly eradicated melanoma lesions, whereas targeting of any random 10% tumor cell subset was not effective. Our data challenge the biological therapy and current drug development paradigms in the treatment of cancer.
<P><STRONG> 推荐会议:</STRONG></P>
<P><A title="" href="http://www.medsci.cn/z/rad-sci/Index.shtml" target=_blank><IMG border=0 src="http://www.bioon.com/biology/UploadFiles/201102/2011022317123138.jpg" width=500 height=84></A></P>
<A title="" href="http://www.medsci.cn/z/rad-sci/Index.shtml" target=_blank style="text-decoration:none"><FONT color=#000000><P>第一届国际医学影像和放射学新进展暨学术论著发表策略研讨会 <BR>2011 Medical Imaging and Radiological Innovations Conference</P>
<P>会议时间:2011年3月25日--3月27日</P>
<P>会议地点:上海医学院路复旦医学院明道楼</P></FONT></A>