人乳头瘤病毒感染是导致女性患宫颈癌的罪魁祸首。美国一项最新研究成果显示,男性感染人乳头瘤病毒的情况也比较普遍。
人乳头瘤病毒属于乳多空病毒科的乳头瘤病毒属,能引起人类皮肤和黏膜的多种良性乳头状瘤或疣,某些型别感染还具有潜在的致癌性。
为了解男性感染人乳头瘤病毒的几率,位于美国佛罗里达州的莫菲特·李癌症中心的研究人员对1100名18岁至70岁的男性为研究对象,他们来自美国、巴西和墨西哥等国。结果发现,男性感染人乳头瘤病毒的几率高达50%,与女性感染率十分接近。此外,每年约有6%的男性会新感染人乳头瘤病毒16型,该型病毒是引发女性宫颈癌的最常见病毒,它可以导致男性患其他类型癌症。
领导研究的安娜·朱利亚诺说,研究表明,男性感染人乳头瘤病毒的生理机制与女性类似;所不同的是,部分女性可通过机体自身免疫系统将感染病毒清除,但男性不具备这种能力。相关研究成果已发表在新一期《柳叶刀》医学杂志上。
目前,美国等西方国家的女性已开始接种能预防人乳头瘤病毒感染的疫苗。专家建议,由于男性感染该病毒几率也较高,应接种此疫苗。(生物谷Bioon.com)
生物谷推荐原文出处:
The Lancet 2011 doi:10.1016/S0140-6736(10)62342-2
Incidence and clearance of genital human papillomavirus infection in men (HIM): a cohort study
Original TextProf Anna R Giuliano PhD a , Ji-Hyun Lee DrPH a, William Fulp MS a, Prof Luisa L Villa PhD b, Prof Eduardo Lazcano PhD c, Mary R Papenfuss MS a, Martha Abrahamsen MPH a, Jorge Salmeron MD c, Gabriella M Anic MSPH a, Dana E Rollison PhD a, Danelle Smith MS a
Summary
Background
Human papillomaviruses (HPVs) cause genital warts and cancers in men. The natural history of HPV infection in men is largely unknown, and that information is needed to inform prevention strategies. The goal in this study was to estimate incidence and clearance of type-specific genital HPV infection in men, and to assess the associated factors.
Methods
Men (aged 18—70 years), residing in Brazil, Mexico, and the USA, who were HIV negative and reported no history of cancer were recruited from the general population, universities, and organised health-care systems. They were assessed every 6 months for a median follow-up of 27·5 months (18·0—31·2). Specimens from the coronal sulcus, glans penis, shaft, and scrotum were obtained for the assessment of the status of HPV genotypes.
Findings
In 1159 men, the incidence of a new genital HPV infection was 38·4 per 1000 person months (95% CI 34·3—43·0). Oncogenic HPV infection was significantly associated with having a high number of lifetime female sexual partners (hazard ratio 2·40, 1·38—4·18, for at least 50 partners vs not more than one partner), and number of male anal-sexual partners (2·57, 1·46—4·49, for at least three male partners vs no recent partners). Median duration of HPV infection was 7·52 months (6·80—8·61) for any HPV and 12·19 months (7·16—18·17) for HPV 16. Clearance of oncogenic HPV infection decreased in men with a high number of lifetime female partners (0·49, 0·31—0·76, for at least 50 female partners vs not more than one partner), and in men in Brazil (0·71, 0·56—0·91) and Mexico (0·73, 0·57—0·94) compared with the USA. Clearance of oncogenic HPV was more rapid with increasing age (1·02, 1·01—1·03).
Interpretation
The data from this study are useful for the development of realistic cost-effectiveness models for male HPV vaccination internationally.
Funding
National Cancer Institute.