欧洲多国进行的一项大规模研究显示，饮酒与癌症之间存在非常明显的关联，男性癌症病例中有十分之一都可以归结到与饮酒有关，研究人员因此呼吁人们为了身体健康应该减少饮酒量。
新一期《英国医学杂志》刊登的这项研究报告说，英国、德国、法国、意大利等8个欧洲国家的研究人员联合调查了超过36万人的数据，对他们的饮酒习惯和健康状况进行了分析。结果显示，男性癌症病例中约10％都和饮酒有关，而女性癌症病例中也有约3％与饮酒有关。
研究人员指出，酒精在体内分解所产生的一些有害物质可能引起多种癌症，如肝癌、肠癌、乳腺癌、口腔癌、喉癌、食道癌等。那些经常饮酒过量的人患癌症的比例尤其高。（生物谷Bioon.com）
生物谷推荐原文出处：
BMJ 2011; 342:d1584 doi: 10.1136/bmj.d1584
Alcohol attributable burden of incidence of cancer in eight European countries based on results from prospective cohort study
Madlen Schütze, PhD student1, Heiner Boeing, professor, department chair1, Tobias Pischon, scientist, group head1, Jürgen Rehm, professor, director23, Tara Kehoe, statistician2, Gerrit Gmel, data analyst2, Anja Olsen, scientist4, Anne M Tj?nneland, department head4, Christina C Dahm, postdoctoral researcher5, Kim Overvad, professor of epidemiology6, Fran?oise Clavel-Chapelon, department head78, Marie-Christine Boutron-Ruault, senior scientist78, Antonia Trichopoulou, professor of nutrition9, Vasiliki Benetou, scientist10, Dimosthenis Zylis, scientist10, Rudolf Kaaks, professor, division head11, Sabine Rohrmann, senior scientist11, Domenico Palli, unit chief12, Franco Berrino, department chief13, Rosario Tumino, director14, Paolo Vineis, chair of environmental epidemiology, unit chief1528, Laudina Rodríguez, section chief16, Antonio Agudo, scientist17, María-José Sánchez, lecture director18, Miren Dorronsoro, unit chief19, Maria-Dolores Chirlaque, scientist2021, Aurelio Barricarte, department head21, Petra H Peeters, professor of epidemiology22, Carla H van Gils, associate professor of epidemiology22, Kay-Tee Khaw, professor of clinical gerontology23, Nick Wareham, director24, Naomi E Allen, scientist25, Timothy J Key, deputy director25, Paolo Boffetta, professor, deputy director2627, Nadia Slimani, scientist, group head26, Mazda Jenab, scientist26, Dora Romaguera, research associate28, Petra A Wark, research fellow28, Elio Riboli, director28, Manuela M Bergmann, scientist1
Abstract
Objective To compute the burden of cancer attributable to current and former alcohol consumption in eight European countries based on direct relative risk estimates from a cohort study.
Design Combination of prospective cohort study with representative population based data on alcohol exposure.
Setting Eight countries (France, Italy, Spain, United Kingdom, the Netherlands, Greece, Germany, Denmark) participating in the European Prospective Investigation into Cancer and Nutrition (EPIC) study.
Participants 109?118 men and 254?870 women, mainly aged 37-70.
Main outcome measures Hazard rate ratios expressing the relative risk of cancer incidence for former and current alcohol consumption among EPIC participants. Hazard rate ratios combined with representative information on alcohol consumption to calculate alcohol attributable fractions of causally related cancers by country and sex. Partial alcohol attributable fractions for consumption higher than the recommended upper limit (two drinks a day for men with about 24 g alcohol, one for women with about 12 g alcohol) and the estimated total annual number of cases of alcohol attributable cancer.
Results If we assume causality, among men and women, 10% (95% confidence interval 7 to 13%) and 3% (1 to 5%) of the incidence of total cancer was attributable to former and current alcohol consumption in the selected European countries. For selected cancers the figures were 44% (31 to 56%) and 25% (5 to 46%) for upper aerodigestive tract, 33% (11 to 54%) and 18% (?3 to 38%) for liver, 17% (10 to 25%) and 4% (?1 to 10%) for colorectal cancer for men and women, respectively, and 5.0% (2 to 8%) for female breast cancer. A substantial part of the alcohol attributable fraction in 2008 was associated with alcohol consumption higher than the recommended upper limit: 33?037 of 178?578 alcohol related cancer cases in men and 17?470 of 397?043 alcohol related cases in women.
Conclusions In western Europe, an important proportion of cases of cancer can be attributable to alcohol consumption, especially consumption higher than the recommended upper limits. These data support current political efforts to reduce or to abstain from alcohol consumption to reduce the incidence of cancer.
