美国一项最新研究成果显示，吸烟易导致前列腺癌复发，而且吸烟的前列腺癌患者死亡风险也较高。
这项研究是由美国哈佛大学公共卫生学院的研究人员完成的。他们指出，与从不吸烟者相比，吸烟者前列腺癌复发几率要高61%，而且他们死于前列腺癌的几率也比从不吸烟者高61%。
此外，对那些戒烟10年以上之后才罹患前列腺癌的病人来说，他们死于前列腺癌的风险并没有因曾经的吸烟史而升高。
这项研究涉及5366名前列腺癌患者。这些患者均是在1986年至2006年期间被诊断出病情的。研究期间，这些人中出现878个复发病例，另有1630个死亡病例。
研究人员在《美国医学协会杂志》上发表论文说，吸烟不仅与前列腺癌的复发率和死亡率有一定关系，而且还会提高前列腺癌患者死于其他疾病的几率。（生物谷Bioon.com）
生物谷推荐原文出处：
The Journal of American Medical Association DOI:10.1001/jama.2011.879
Smoking and Prostate Cancer Survival and Recurrence
Stacey A. Kenfield, ScD; Meir J. Stampfer, MD, DrPH; June M. Chan, ScD; Edward Giovannucci, MD, ScD
Context Studies of smoking in relation to prostate cancer mortality or recurrence in prostate cancer patients are limited, with few prostate cancer–specific outcomes.
Objective To assess the relation of cigarette smoking and smoking cessation with overall, prostate cancer–specific, and cardiovascular disease (CVD) mortality and biochemical recurrence among men with prostate cancer.
Design, Setting, and Participants Prospective observational study of 5366 men diagnosed with prostate cancer between 1986 and 2006 in the Health Professionals Follow-Up Study.
Main Outcome Measures Hazard ratios (HRs) for overall, prostate cancer–specific, and CVD mortality, and biochemical recurrence, defined by an increase in prostate-specific antigen (PSA) levels.
Results There were 1630 deaths, 524 (32%) due to prostate cancer and 416 (26%) to CVD, and 878 biochemical recurrences. Absolute crude rates for prostate cancer–specific death for never vs current smokers were 9.6 vs 15.3 per 1000 person-years; for all-cause mortality, the corresponding rates were 27.3 and 53.0 per 1000 person-years. In multivariable analysis, current vs never smokers had an increased risk of prostate cancer mortality (HR, 1.61; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.11-2.32), as did current smokers with clinical stage T1 through T3 (HR, 1.80; 95% CI, 1.04-3.12). Current smokers also had increased risk of biochemical recurrence (HR, 1.61; 95% CI, 1.16-2.22), total mortality (HR, 2.28; 95% CI, 1.87-2.80), and CVD mortality (HR, 2.13; 95% CI, 1.39-3.26). After adjusting for clinical stage and grade (likely intermediates of the relation of smoking with prostate cancer recurrence and survival), current smokers had increased risk of prostate cancer mortality (HR, 1.38; 95% CI, 0.94-2.03), as did current smokers with clinical stage T1 through T3 (HR, 1.41; 95% CI, 0.80-2.49); they also had an increased risk of biochemical recurrence (HR, 1.47; 95% CI, 1.06-2.04). Greater number of pack-years was associated with significantly increased risk of prostate cancer mortality but not biochemical recurrence. Current smokers of 40 or more pack-years vs never smokers had increased prostate cancer mortality (HR, 1.82; 95% CI, 1.03-3.20) and biochemical recurrence (HR, 1.48; 95% CI, 0.88-2.48). Compared with current smokers, those who had quit smoking for 10 or more years (HR, 0.60; 95% CI, 0.42-0.87) or who have quit for less than 10 years but smoked less than 20 pack-years (HR, 0.64; 95% CI, 0.28-1.45) had prostate cancer mortality risks similar to never smokers (HR, 0.61; 95% CI, 0.42-0.88).
Conclusions Smoking at the time of prostate cancer diagnosis is associated with increased overall and CVD mortality and prostate cancer–specific mortality and recurrence. Men who have quit for at least 10 years have prostate cancer–specific mortality risks similar to those who have never smoked.
