杰佛逊凯末尔肿瘤中心的癌症研究人员和国际小组的合作人员已经发现一种乳腺癌生物标志物,这种标志物有助于鉴定对抗雌激素治疗响应的女性,这项研究发表在5月16日在线《临床肿瘤学杂志》上。
抗雌激素药物,最著名的它莫西芬(三苯氧胺),广泛用于治疗雌激素受体阳性乳腺癌病人。但是,约三分之一的它莫西芬治疗患者对其不响应。
在这项新研究中,研究人员发现,肿瘤中保留有蛋白生物标志物Stat5活性形式的患者对三苯氧胺的响应可能性增加。相反,用三苯氧胺治疗的且肿瘤中缺少活性Stat5的患者,在调整标准激素受体标志物效应与其他病理数据后,死于乳腺癌的风险性将增加20倍。
"乳腺癌中预测性生物标志物的鉴定将导致形成对每位女患者量身定做的个性化治疗方法",杰佛逊大学凯末尔癌症中心肿瘤学教授、哲学医学博士Hallgeir Rui,也是本项研究的主要研究人员,他说,"Stat5活性形式的缺失有助于鉴定出对三苯氧胺不太可能响应的患者,这样可给他们提供可变换的和更强的治疗方法。
Stat5蛋白是一种DNA结合因子,它调节一些基因的表达,并且这些基因中许多还是未知的。在妊娠期间,Stat5由催乳素激活,刺激乳腺分泌乳汁。活性Stat5在非妊娠妇性的健康乳腺组织中是可检测的低水平。这项研究更进一步显示,活性Stat5在大多数恶性肿瘤中丧失,此时这些肿瘤转移至淋巴结中。
在2004年,Rui和同事们报道了,肿瘤中表达活性Stat5的早期乳腺癌患者有较高的存活率。因此,在两组独立的乳腺癌病人中,他们不用化疗或抗雌激素治疗,进一步研究肿瘤中活性Stat5与病人在长达30年的时间内是否复发乳腺癌或死于乳腺癌的关系。当肿瘤中保留活性Stat5时,研究小组发现一致有益的乳腺癌结果。
该已发表的研究应用回顾分析法,对由1000人组成的独立的5大组乳腺癌患者进行分析,为研究提供固定的统计依据。优选标志物Stat5的益处是其测定简单、经济且可迅速适用于标准程序病理实验室的常规分析。
"还有更多的工作要做,但是我们对Stat5作为生物标志物使用很乐观。"此研究第一作者 Amy Peck博士说。"为了进一步评价Stat5在乳腺癌管理与治疗的应用,研究组正在向大量患者样本的随机前瞻性研究前进。"(生物谷bioon.com)
doi:10.1200/JCO.2010.30.3552
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Loss of nuclear localized and tyrosine phosphorylated Stat5 in breast cancer predicts poor clinicaloutcome and increased risk of antiestrogen therapy failure.
Peck AR, Witkiewicz AK, Liu C, Stringer GA, Klimowicz AC, Pequignot E, Freydin B, Tran TH, Yang N, Rosenberg AL, Hooke JA, Kovatich AJ, Nevalainen MT,Shriver CD, Hyslop T, Sauter G, Rimm DL, Magliocco AM, Rui H.
Abstract PURPOSE: To investigate nuclear localized and tyrosine phosphorylated Stat5 (Nuc-pYStat5) as a marker of prognosis in node-negative breastcancer and as a predictor of response to antiestrogen therapy. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Levels of Nuc-pYStat5 were analyzed in five archival cohorts of breast cancer by traditional diaminobenzidine-chromogen immunostaining and pathologist scoring of whole tissue sections or by immunofluorescence and automated quantitative analysis (AQUA) of tissue microarrays. RESULTS: Nuc-pYStat5 was an independent prognostic marker as measured by cancer-specific survival (CSS) in patients with node-negative breastcancer who did not receive systemic adjuvant therapy, when adjusted for common pathology parameters in multivariate analyses both by standard chromogen detection with pathologist scoring of whole tissue sections (cohort I; n = 233) and quantitative immunofluorescence of a tissue microarray (cohort II; n = 291). Two distinct monoclonal antibodies gave concordant results. A progression array (cohort III; n = 180) revealed frequent loss of Nuc-pYStat5 in invasive carcinoma compared to normal breast epithelia or ductal carcinoma in situ, and general loss of Nuc-pYStat5 in lymph node metastases. In cohort IV (n = 221), loss of Nuc-pYStat5 was associated with increased risk of antiestrogen therapy failure as measured by univariate CSS and time to recurrence (TTR). More sensitive AQUA quantification of Nuc-pYStat5 in antiestrogen-treated patients (cohort V; n = 97) identified by multivariate analysis patients with low Nuc-pYStat5 at elevated risk for therapy failure (CSS hazard ratio [HR], 21.55; 95% CI, 5.61 to 82.77; P < .001; TTR HR, 7.30; 95% CI, 2.34 to 22.78; P = .001). CONCLUSION Nuc-pYStat5 is an independent prognostic marker in node-negative breast cancer. If confirmed in prospective studies, Nuc-pYStat5 may become a useful predictive marker of response to adjuvant hormone therapy.