目前,一项刊登在Nat Commun的研究"BRCA1 is an essential regulator of heart function and survival following myocardial infarction"显示,乳腺癌高危女性患心脏病的风险也很高。
大多数患有遗传性乳腺癌和卵巢癌的女性,其乳腺癌易感染BRCA1或BRCA2易发生突变,该基因通常会抑制乳腺和卵巢肿瘤的生长。
Subodh Verma医生是St. Michael医院的一名心脏外科医师说,他的研究小组很惊奇的发现这两个基因还可以调节心脏功能。
随着心脏病的发作,BRCA1基因突变的小鼠的死亡率高达原来的三到五倍。这大部分是由于强大的心力衰竭,可能是因为她们心脏病发作是受到的伤害是没有发生基因突变的小鼠的两倍。
当小鼠的BRCA1或BRAC2基因突变时可观察到其会因双倍的冲击而导致心脏衰竭,这种情况可以用阿霉素治疗,阿霉素是治疗乳腺癌最常用的化疗药物。另外,对小鼠的研究,在人类组织中观察也得到验证。
研究人员深信突变的BRCA1/2基因可以抑制肌细胞内的DNA修复,而其对心脏病发作后的恢复是必不可少的。
Verma医生说:“我们的研究表明,那些有患乳腺癌风险的人可能也有患以前未知的心脏病的风险。更重要的是,我们现在知道乳腺癌和心脏病(加拿大女性的两大死因)有一个共同的生物学基础和共同的领域。
Verma医生强调这些研究可能对病人来说是一个重要的暗示。知道BRCA1/2基因对DNA修复来说是必不可少的,这可能会引导未来对心脏病(人类的一大死因)的治疗。携带这种突变基因的女性现在知道了她们除了有得癌症的高风险之外还有患上心脏病的风险。
Christine Brezden-Masley医生是St. Michael医院的一名肿瘤医师,也是这篇文章的合著者,他说虽然内科医生知道阿霉素与心脏衰竭有关,但是新的研究表明有BRCA1/2突变基因的女性对它的毒性特别敏感。
Brezden-Masley医生说:“这意味着当一个病人有突变基因,我现在不得不考虑我将要给他们开多大的剂量,或者是否我们应该考虑换一个治疗方案。”(生物谷Bioon.com)
doi:10.1038/ncomms1601
PMC:
PMID:
BRCA1 is an essential regulator of heart function and survival following myocardial infarction
Praphulla C. Shukla,Krishna K. Singh,Adrian Quan,Mohammed Al-Omran,Hwee Teoh,Fina Lovren,Liu Cao,Ilsa I. Rovira,Yi Pan,Christine Brezden-Masley,Bobby Yanagawa,Aanika Gupta,Chu-Xia Deng,et al.
The tumour suppressor BRCA1 is mutated in familial breast and ovarian cancer but its role in protecting other tissues from DNA damage has not been explored. Here we show a new role for BRCA1 as a gatekeeper of cardiac function and survival. In mice, loss of BRCA1 in cardiomyocytes results in adverse cardiac remodelling, poor ventricular function and higher mortality in response to ischaemic or genotoxic stress. Mechanistically, loss of cardiomyocyte BRCA1 results in impaired DNA double-strand break repair and activated p53-mediated pro-apoptotic signalling culminating in increased cardiomyocyte apoptosis, whereas deletion of the p53 gene rescues BRCA1-deficient mice from cardiac failure. In human adult and fetal cardiac tissues, ischaemia induces double-strand breaks and upregulates BRCA1 expression. These data reveal BRCA1 as a novel and essential adaptive response molecule shielding cardiomyocytes from DNA damage, apoptosis and heart dysfunction. BRCA1 mutation carriers, in addition to risk of breast and ovarian cancer, may be at a previously unrecognized risk of cardiac failure.