近日，一项刊登在Canadian Journal of Physiology and Pharmacology杂志上的研究表明：在我们日常饮食结构中增加维生素和矿物质成分能降低罹患结肠癌的风险。
研究人员将大鼠长时间暴露在致癌环境下诱发大鼠癌症的发生，同时科研人员在老鼠日常饮食中添加了多种维生素和矿物质，结果发现大鼠患上结肠癌的风险低于对照组。
在整个实验过程中，研究人员在给予大鼠高脂肪食物饲养连续32个周期后，将大鼠随机分成六组。之后将六组老鼠都暴露在有致癌物质存在的环境下，诱发老鼠癌症的发生。
结果表明：用高脂肪、低纤维食物饲养的老鼠基本上都出现了癌前病变症状，而同样用这些食物喂养的老鼠在每天给予多种维生素和矿物质情况下，癌前病变的发生率降低了84%。而且在整个实验过程中，这些得到维生素和矿物质补充的老鼠体内且没有肿瘤的发生。
研究人员表示：维生素和矿物质成分或许能协同发挥抗癌效果，由此猜测可能通过合理补充维生素和矿物质来降低罹患结肠癌的风险。(生物谷 Bioon.com)
doi:10.1139/y11-100
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Multivitamin and mineral supplementation in 1,2-dimethylhydrazine induced experimental colon carcinogenesis and evaluation of free radical status, antioxidant potential, and incidence of ACF
Albert Baskar Arul,a Ignacimuthu Savarimuthu,b Mohammed A. Alsaif,a Khalid S. Al Numaira
This study was performed to determine the chemopreventive and antioxidant status of multivitamin and mineral (0.01% in drinking water, ad libitum) supplements in 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH)-induced experimental colon carcinogenesis. Experimental colon carcinogenesis was induced in male albino Wistar rats by injecting DMH (20 mg·(kg body mass)–1) once weekly for 15 consecutive weeks, and administering a multivitamin supplement in 3 regimes (initiation, post-initiation, and entire experimental period) for 32 weeks. We studied lipid peroxidation products (thiobarbituric acid reactive substances, lipid hydroperoxides, conjugated dienes) in the circulation and in the tissues, antioxidant status (superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, and non-enzymatic antioxidant-reduced glutathione) of the tissues, aberrant crypt foci (ACF), and histopathological alterations. DMH-induced rats had an increase in lipid peroxidation products and a lower antioxidant status compared with control animals. Multivitamin and mineral supplementation during the initiation, post-initiation, and the entire study period significantly decreased the levels of lipid peroxidation products in circulation and colonic tissues, significantly elevated the activities of the antioxidant enzymes and reduced glutathione to near normalcy in DMH-induced rats. The incidence of ACF was reduced to 84.1% in rats supplemented with multivitamin and minerals for the entire study and prevented the colonic tissue from histopathological alterations induced by DMH.
