一项最新的研究发现,有一类不正常基因,总比其他健康人群,更有普遍的存在与Ⅱ型糖尿病的患者身上。
Ⅱ型糖尿病患者已知存在高癌症风险,特别是像淋巴瘤和白血病这样的血癌。由英国伦敦帝国理工大学和法国法国科学研究中心带领的科学家们,最近表示:一种称为“克隆马赛克事件(CMEs)”的基因,可能可以解释这一人群疾病的部分问题。
CMEs缺陷会导致某些细胞大量的DNA,出现额外拷贝或拷贝丢失。这些情况在年轻人中很少出现,但是研究发现在老年中却更普遍地显现。大至到70岁以上后,大约每50人中就有1个人出现这些突变。已在去年发表的研究表明,存在CMEs的患者,出现血癌的几率要高10倍。
此次研究发表在《自然遗传学》上,研究人员从来自欧洲遗传学研究的7,437名受试者中,观察了血液样本中的CMEs,参与者中的2,208人患有Ⅱ型糖尿病。他们发现,CMEs在Ⅱ型糖尿病人身上比健康人群高4倍。
“Ⅱ型糖尿病是一种加速老化的疾病,所以我们想知道它是否可使人们更易发生遗传缺陷,从而加速老化,”来自帝国理工公共健康学院的PhilippeFroguel教授表示。“这一发现可以部分解释,为什么Ⅱ型糖尿病患者更容易出现血癌的情况。它可能用于医生对Ⅱ型糖尿病患者进行CMEs化验,以确认他们是否具有癌症的高风险。
这些病人在早期观察到白血病的征兆,并且可以进行温和的化学治疗。”研究人员也发现,出现CMEs的糖尿病病人伴有高风险的并发症,如肾衰竭、眼疾或者心脏疾病。(生物谷Bioon.com)
doi:10.1038/ng.2700
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Association between large detectable clonal mosaicism and type 2 diabetes with vascular complications
Amélie Bonnefond, Boris Skrobek, Stéphane Lobbens, Elodie Eury, Dorothée Thuillier, Stéphane Cauchi, Olivier Lantieri, Beverley Balkau, Elio Riboli, Michel Marre, Guillaume Charpentier, Loïc Yengo & Philippe Froguel
Large chromosomal clonal mosaic events (CMEs) have been suggested to be linked to aging1, 2, 3 and to predict cancer2, 3. Type 2 diabetes (T2D) has been conceptualized as an accelerated-aging disease4, 5, 6 and is associated with higher prevalence of cancers7, 8, 9, 10, 11. Here we aimed to assess the association between T2D and CME occurrence in blood. We evaluated the presence of CMEs in 7,659 individuals (including 2,208 with T2D) using DNA arrays. A significant association between CME occurrence and T2D was found (odds ratio (OR) = 5.3; P = 5.1 × 10−5) and was stronger when we only considered non-obese individuals with T2D (OR = 5.6; P = 4.9 × 10−5). Notably, CME carriers with T2D had higher prevalence of vascular complications than non-carriers with T2D (71.4% versus 37.1%, respectively; P = 7.7 × 10−4). In CME carriers, we found an increase in the percentage of abnormal cells over 6 years (P = 8.60 × 10−3). In conclusion, given the increased risk of cancer in CME carriers2, 3, our results may have profound clinical implications in patients with severe T2D.