生物谷报道:联会现象是细胞在分裂过程中遗传物质复制前的一个过程。位点特异的重组反应发生于复杂的联会复合体中,反应过程中缺乏高能量的辅助因子,是等能的化学反应,该反应系统依赖于对重组的方向和拓扑结构的调节。由于缺乏调节组件的结构信息,目前对联会复合体的结构以及位点特异重组反应的分子基础还了解甚少。
解离酶Sin是丝氨酸重组酶家族的一员,由金黄色葡萄球菌中的多抗性质粒编码。它能够装配复杂的联会复合体,利用其中的负超螺旋结构促进定向正确的位点间重组反应。在此联会复合体中,DNA结合于Sin二聚体的位点Ⅰ和Ⅱ。为了解此联会复合体的整体结构和其中的相互调节和催化过程,来自美国和英国的Mouw等科学家确定了位点Ⅱ结合DNA双螺旋的Sin二聚体晶体结构。结果发现每个Sin单体由N末端催化结构域和C末端的α螺旋-转角-α螺旋结构域组成。Sin可能通过形成稳定的四聚体起作用,而其中二聚体间的一个重要界面是C末端结构域,突变体分析和模型模拟均很好地支持了这一结构推断。通过对突变体的分析,研究人员发现C末端结构域是发生在位点Ⅱ的联会所必须的,同时也是激发位点Ⅰ的重组反应所必须的,该激活作用依赖于N末端催化结构域中R54残基的存在。该研究表明Sin的催化作用受到辅助位点的调节作用,能够使联会复合体更精确定向,防止发生错误的DNA双链断裂和重组。而目前对真核生物的基因组操作中所用的位点特异连接酶可以同时催化正向和反向的连接,与底物的拓扑结构无关。该研究结果将促进开发更有效的的连接酶工具用于基因工程研究。(生物谷www.bioon.com)
生物谷推荐原始出处:
Molecular Cell,Vol 30, 145-155, 25 April 2008,Kent W. Mouw, Phoebe A. Rice
Architecture of a Serine Recombinase-DNA Regulatory Complex
Kent W. Mouw,1 Sally-J. Rowland,2 Mark M. Gajjar,1,3 Martin R. Boocock,2 W. Marshall Stark,2 and Phoebe A. Rice1,
1 Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, The University of Chicago, Chicago, IL 60637, USA
2 Division of Molecular Genetics, FBLS, University of Glasgow, Glasgow G12 8QQ, Scotland, UK
Summary
An essential feature of many site-specific recombination systems is their ability to regulate the direction and topology of recombination. Resolvases from the serine recombinase family assemble an interwound synaptic complex that harnesses negative supercoiling to drive the forward reaction and promote recombination between properly oriented sites. To better understand the interplay of catalytic and regulatory functions within these synaptic complexes, we have solved the structure of the regulatory site synapse in the Sin resolvase system. It reveals an unexpected synaptic interface between helix-turn-helix DNA-binding domains that is also highlighted in a screen for synapsis mutants. The tetramer defined by this interface provides the foundation for a robust model of the synaptic complex, assembled entirely from available crystal structures, that gives insight into how the catalytic activity of Sin and other serine recombinases may be regulated.