2012年9月23日 讯 /生物谷BIOON/ --近日，哈佛大学公共卫生学院的研究者发现大量饮用含糖饮料（SSBs，sugar-sweetened beverages）可增加高身体质量指数（BMI，body mass index）的遗传易感性，增加肥胖风险。相关论文发表在9月21日的New England Journal of Medicine上。
在过去的30年，含糖饮料的消耗在全球范围内都有显著增长。尽管大量证据表明含糖饮料与肥胖及糖尿病等代谢疾病都有关，却没有环境因素如含糖饮料是否影响肥胖遗传易感性的研究。
这项研究共包括三个部分--121,700个女性参与的Nurses' Health Study，51,529个男性参与的Health Professionals Follow-up Study和25,000个女性参与的Women's Genome Health Study。在此研究过程中，所有的参与者都要填写他们食物和饮料消耗情况的详细表格。
研究者对有欧洲血统的参与者进行了全基因组关联分析。根据含糖饮料消耗的量，这些参与者被分成四组：每月少于一份、每月1-4份、每周2-6份、每天一份或多于一份。为将遗传易感性量化，以32个已知与BMI相关的单核苷酸多态性为基础进行打分。
结果显示，每天饮用一份或更多的含糖饮料所引发的肥胖风险是每月不喝含糖饮料的两倍，表明经常饮用含糖饮料可能增加肥胖的遗传风险。此外，对肥胖有遗传易感性的人受含糖饮料的影响更大。
因此，遗传和饮食因素--含糖饮料可以相互影响彼此对体重和肥胖的作用。含糖饮料是肥胖流行的因素之一，这项研究给我们的启示是，肥胖的遗传效应可以被健康的饮食和饮料抵消。（生物谷Bioon.com）
编译自Regular consumption of sugary beverages linked to increased genetic risk of obesity
doi: 10.1056/NEJMoa1203039
PMC:
PMID:
Sugar-Sweetened Beverages and Genetic Risk of Obesity
Qibin Qi, Ph.D., Audrey Y. Chu, Ph.D., Jae H. Kang, Sc.D., Majken K. Jensen, Ph.D., Gary C. Curhan, M.D., Sc.D., Louis R. Pasquale, M.D., Paul M. Ridker, M.D., M.P.H., David J. Hunter, M.B., B.S., Sc.D., Walter C. Willett, M.D., Dr.P.H., Eric B. Rimm, Sc.D., Daniel I. Chasman, Ph.D., Frank B. Hu, M.D., Ph.D., and Lu Qi, M.D., Ph.D.
Background
Temporal increases in the consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages have paralleled the rise in obesity prevalence, but whether the intake of such beverages interacts with the genetic predisposition to adiposity is unknown.
Methods
We analyzed the interaction between genetic predisposition and the intake of sugar-sweetened beverages in relation to body-mass index (BMI; the weight in kilograms divided by the square of the height in meters) and obesity risk in 6934 women from the Nurses' Health Study (NHS) and in 4423 men from the Health Professionals Follow-up Study (HPFS) and also in a replication cohort of 21,740 women from the Women's Genome Health Study (WGHS). The genetic-predisposition score was calculated on the basis of 32 BMI-associated loci. The intake of sugar-sweetened beverages was examined prospectively in relation to BMI.
Results
In the NHS and HPFS cohorts, the genetic association with BMI was stronger among participants with higher intake of sugar-sweetened beverages than among those with lower intake. In the combined cohorts, the increases in BMI per increment of 10 risk alleles were 1.00 for an intake of less than one serving per month, 1.12 for one to four servings per month, 1.38 for two to six servings per week, and 1.78 for one or more servings per day (P<0.001 for interaction). For the same categories of intake, the relative risks of incident obesity per increment of 10 risk alleles were 1.19 (95% confidence interval [CI], 0.90 to 1.59), 1.67 (95% CI, 1.28 to 2.16), 1.58 (95% CI, 1.01 to 2.47), and 5.06 (95% CI, 1.66 to 15.5) (P=0.02 for interaction). In the WGHS cohort, the increases in BMI per increment of 10 risk alleles were 1.39, 1.64, 1.90, and 2.53 across the four categories of intake (P=0.001 for interaction); the relative risks for incident obesity were 1.40 (95% CI, 1.19 to 1.64), 1.50 (95% CI, 1.16 to 1.93), 1.54 (95% CI, 1.21 to 1.94), and 3.16 (95% CI, 2.03 to 4.92), respectively (P=0.007 for interaction).
