生物谷Bioon.com 讯 ，据新华网最新报道称，一个日本研究小组在2日的英国《自然·遗传学》杂志网络版上报告说，在对日本4000余名前列腺癌患者进行全基因组分析后，研究人员发现，与前列腺癌发病相关的5个单核苷酸多态性（SNP）可能为日本人所独有。
单核苷酸多态性主要是指在基因组水平上由单个核苷酸变异引起的DNA（脱氧核糖核酸）序列多态性。
由日本理化研究所和东京大学等机构组成的研究小组，对日本4584名前列腺癌患者和8801名健康人进行了全基因组对照分析。他们发现，在此前科研人员发现的与欧美人患前列腺癌相关的31个单核苷酸多态性中，有19个与日本人患该病有关，另外12个则没有在日本患者身上发现。此外，研究人员还新发现了与日本人患前列腺癌有强烈关联的5个单核苷酸多态性。
前列腺癌是世界上发病率较高的癌症之一。在日本，随着生活方式不断西化和人口老龄化，前列腺癌患者人数迅速增加。据统计，2008年日本约有1万人死于前列腺癌。
日本理化研究所和东京大学2日联合发布的新闻公报说，这项成果揭示了不同人种和民族患前列腺癌的遗传差异，有助于进一步揭示前列腺癌发病机理，建立适用于日本人的前列腺癌风险评估体系。(生物谷Bioon.com)
生物谷推荐原文出处：
Nature Genetics doi:10.1038/ng.635
Genome-wide association study identifies five new susceptibility loci for prostate cancer in the Japanese population
Ryo Takata1,2, Shusuke Akamatsu1,3, Michiaki Kubo4, Atsushi Takahashi5, Naoya Hosono4, Takahisa Kawaguchi6, Tatsuhiko Tsunoda6, Johji Inazawa7, Naoyuki Kamatani5, Osamu Ogawa3, Tomoaki Fujioka2, Yusuke Nakamura8 & Hidewaki Nakagawa1
Prostate cancer is one of the most common malignancies in males throughout the world1, and its incidence is increasing in Asian countries. We carried out a genome-wide association study and replication study using 4,584 Japanese men with prostate cancer and 8,801 control subjects. From the thirty-one associated SNPs reported in previous genome-wide association studies in European populations, we confirmed the association of nine SNPs at P < 1.0 × 10?7 and ten SNPs at P < 0.05 in the Japanese population. The remaining 12 SNPs showed no association (P > 0.05). In addition, we report here five new loci for prostate cancer susceptibility, at 5p15 (λ-corrected probability PGC = 3.9 × 10?18), GPRC6A/RFX6 (PGC = 1.6 × 10?12), 13q22 (PGC = 2.8 × 10?9), C2orf43 (PGC = 7.5 × 10?8) and FOXP4 (PGC = 7.6 × 10?8). These findings advance our understanding of the genetic basis of prostate carcinogenesis and also highlight the genetic heterogeneity of prostate cancer susceptibility among different ethnic populations.
