生物谷报道：生物学的一大任务是解释生物多样性的模式。两性之间在形式上的差异是普遍存在的，然而促使性别二态性出现的因素在关于物种多样性的研究中却很少被考虑到。同样，人们也很少用影响群落层面上多样性的生态和演化因素去解释性别差异所能达到的程度。现在，对在古巴、伊斯帕尼奥拉岛、牙买加和波多黎各等岛屿上有独立群落的一种变色蜥蜴（它是关于适应性辐射的一个经典例子）所做的一项研究表明，性别差异是一种适应性辐射的形态多样化的主要贡献因素。该研究结果发表在5月10日出版的《自然》杂志上。
这一发现可以成为反映在生物多样化过程中性别二态性和适应性辐射之间互动方式的一个模型，该模型可以用关于佛罗里达的外来变色蜥蜴和本地变色蜥蜴之间互动情况的观测结果去验证。
FIGURE 1. Shape dimorphism among the ecomorphs.
Relative means for ecomorphs (colours; defined at bottom) and sexes (light, females; dark, males) for shape morphology variables (y-axes). Ecomorph-sex means are adjusted for all other effects in the ANOVA models (LSMEANS option in Proc GLM in the SAS statistical language; see Methods), and plotted relative to the grand mean (centred at 0). Stars indicate significant sexual differences within ecomorphs. Sexual dimorphism in body length (snout–vent length) occurs in ecomorphs with the shortest and longest bodies, dimorphism in forelimbs in ecomorphs with the longest forelimbs, and dimorphism in hindlimbs in ecomorphs with the longest hindlimbs. All ecomorphs are dimorphic in lamella number, except twig anoles, which have the greatest lamella numbers relative to body size.
Nature Volume 447 Number 7141
Sexual dimorphism and adaptive radiation in Anolis lizards p202
Marguerite A. Butler, Stanley A. Sawyer & Jonathan B. Losos
doi:10.1038/nature05774
First paragraph | Full Text | PDF (318K) | Supplementary information
See also: Editor's summary
Marguerite Butler
Associate Professor
Joined Faculty 1995
Education:
B.A., 1974 Wilberforce University, Wilberforce, OH
J.D., 1979 Syracuse University Syracuse, NYMLIS., 1992 University of Texas, Austin TX
Biographical Information
Associate Professor, Texas Southern University-Thurgood Marshall School of Law, Houston TX 1981-Present
Director of Law Library Technology Services, Texas Southern University-Thurgood Marshall School of Law, Houston TX 2002-2005
Law Library Director, Texas Southern University-Thurgood Marshall School of Law, Houston TX 1995-2005
Law Library Interim Director, Texas Southern University-Thurgood Marshall School of Law, Houston TX 1993-95
Law Library Associate Director, Texas Southern University-Thurgood Marshall School of Law, Houston TX 1984-92
Acquisitions And Reference, Texas Southern University-Thurgood Marshall School of Law, Houston TX 1982-84
Butler's Law School Admissions Test (LSAT) Review Course, 1983-Present
Economics Professor, St. Louis Community College, St. Louis, MO August 1981-1982
Law School Seminars, Competitions and Services
BLSA Regional Meeting, Omaha, NB -March 1989,
BLSA University of Kansas, Kansas City MO -1989
BLSA Regional Meeting, Houston, TX -March 1990
University of Tulsa, First Year Class, Tulsa OK -1990
University of Tulsa, First Year Class, Tulsa OK -1991
BLSA Judge for the National Frederick Douglass Moot Court Competition Final Arguments National Convention -Detroit, MI 1988
BLSA Judge for the National Frederick Douglass Moot Court Competition Final Arguments National Convention -Houston, TX 1993
NAACP Judge of the local ACT-SO eassay Writing Competion -Houston, TX 1994
NAUB Judge for the Oratorical Contest Final Rounds -Houston, TX 1996
Moot Court Coach, Texas Southern University-Thurgood Marshall School of Law, Houston, TX 1982-Present
Moot Court Coach, Texas Young Lawyers Associations, 1989-91 and 1993
BLSA, Texas Southern University, 1990-01
Law School Academic Support Program, Texas Southern University -1993-02
Texas Practice Class, Texas Southern University -1995-96
Chairperson, Student Faculty Relations Committee on the 1989 Death Penalty Seminar and Archivist for the 1987 Carl-King Retirement Dinner -1984
Admissions Committee member -2000
Library Committee member -1995 & 2001
Law School Self Study Committeemember -2000
University Self Study Committeemember -2001-02
University 50th Anniversary Committeemember -1995
Affiliations
American Bar Association
American Association of Law Librarians
Southwestern Association of Law Libraries
Texas Library Association
Houston Area Law Librarians Association
National Bar Association
Houston Lawyers Association
Phi Alpha Delta
Library Consultant, African Law Initiative, United States Information Service and the American Bar Association -1996
Assistant Lead Counsel, Allen Parkway Village Tenants Association -1992
Research and Teaching Interests
Legal Writing
Legal Research
Moot Court/Appellate Litigation
Publications
Marguerite L. Butler, Rule 11-Sanctions and a Lawyer's Failure to Conduct competent Legal, 29 Cap.U.L.Rev.68 (2002)
Marguerite L. Butler, Rule 11-Sanctions and a Lawyer's Failure to Conduct competent Legal, 12 Prof.Lawyer 1 (2002)
excerpt
Marguerite L. Butler, The National Frederick Douglass Moot Court Competition-Operating In the Spirit and Legacy of Frederick Douglass, pending, 25N. C. Cent. L. Rev. 66 (2002)
McCoy, W.J. and Butler, M.L., A Constitutional Basis For Zoning: The Texas Supreme Court. Dubuque, Iowa:Kendall/Hunt; 1988
Jejelowo, O.A., Butler, M.L., Martinez III, R.A.Trey, Hartsell, D.; Viability of Fungal Spores from Books Stored Under Different Environmental Conditions expected publication 1993:Proceedings-96th Annual Meeting, Texas Academy of Science (1993)
Marguerite L. Butler, The History of Texas Southern University, Thurgood Marshall School of Law: "The House That Sweatt Built", 23T. Marshall L. Rev. 45 (1997)
Selected Presentations
Viability of Fungal Spores from Books Stored Under Different Environmental Conditions - Texas Academy of Science, Denton, TX -March 5-6, 1993
Diversity After Hopwood: The Texas Aftermath - Annual Diversity Symposium -American Association of Law Libraries Convention -Anaheim, CA 1996
A Favorite Quote: There's no such word as can't!
生物多样性保护：让能源开发更精彩
热带：生物多样性的摇篮
转基因草会不会破坏生物多样性
JCB：干细胞显现性别差异 雌性组织再生更易
基因表达的“性别差异”
Sry基因有助于解释帕金森病性别差异
《行为神经科学》：教育系统的改变可能缩小性别差异
