据12月4日的《科学》杂志报道说,尽管大气中氮气和二氧化碳含量的增加随着时间的推移都能单独地减少植物的多元性,但这两种气体的结合则会产生对植物品种丰富程度的某些独特的影响。
在一个为期10年的野外试验中,Peter Reich显示,氮浓集对植物多元性的负面影响却能在环境中增添了更多的二氧化碳时获得缓解。 他在美国中西部维持着露天的多年生草场,其中种植了16种不同的植物品种,它们生长在不同组合比例的大气二氧化碳和氮气之中。他发现,由碳沉积所导致的植物品种丰富程度的降低会在二氧化碳增加的情况下减半。 他的研究结果显示,在自由流通的外界二氧化碳浓度的情况下,氮气浓度的增加可使植物的多元化降低16%。 随着在全世界范围内所预计的大气中氮气和二氧化碳浓度的不断升高,这些发现可帮助人们预测某些相对简单的植物群落在未来将会如何进行适应性调整。 由Scott Collins撰写的一篇Perspective对这一发现进行了更为详尽的讨论。(生物谷Bioon.com)
生物谷推荐原始出处:
Science 4 December 2009:DOI: 10.1126/science.1178820
Elevated CO2 Reduces Losses of Plant Diversity Caused by Nitrogen Deposition
Peter B. Reich
The interactive effects of rising atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) concentrations and elevated nitrogen (N) deposition on plant diversity are not well understood. This is of concern because both factors are important components of global environmental change and because each might suppress diversity, with their combined effects possibly additive or synergistic. In a long-term open-air experiment, grassland assemblages planted with 16 species were grown under all combinations of ambient and elevated CO2 and ambient and elevated N. Over 10 years, elevated N reduced species richness by 16% at ambient CO2 but by just 8% at elevated CO2. This resulted from multiple effects of CO2 and N on plant traits and soil resources that altered competitive interactions among species. Elevated CO2 thus ameliorated the negative effects of N enrichment on species richness.