新发现男性原始人部分骨骼,生存年代距今约360万年
科学家发现了或许是著名原始人“露西”不知多少代之前的祖先——“大个子”。这位男性原始人和“露西”一样都能直立行走,因此人类开始直立行走的时间也许比此前认为的更早。
这项研究成果6月21日发表在美国《国家科学院院刊》(PNAS)网络版上。负责领导这项研究的美国克利夫兰自然历史博物馆馆长约翰尼斯·海尔-塞拉西在一份声明中说,“大个子”是双足动物,具备像现代人那样的行走能力。
科学家在埃塞俄比亚阿法尔州发现这个男性原始人的部分骨骼,其生存年代距今约360万年,比生活在这一地区的“露西”早约40万年。其身高约1.5米,而“露西”身高则不到1.1米。科学家已将其命名为“Kadanuumuu”,在阿法尔语中意为“大个子”。
科学家指出,“大个子”与“露西”都属于南方古猿阿法种,能够直立行走。
海尔-塞拉西认为,这项研究表明,“露西”和她可能的祖先“大个子”几乎与现代人一样善于直立行走,因此人类进化过程中开始直立行走的时间可能比此前认为的更早。
“露西”1974年由时任克利夫兰自然历史博物馆馆长唐纳德·约翰逊等人领导的考古小组在埃塞俄比亚发现,被看做是寻找人类起源过程中里程碑式的发现。当时为庆祝这一伟大发现而播放了甲壳虫乐队的一首《露西在缀满钻石的天空》,“露西”由此得名。(生物谷Bioon.net)
生物谷推荐原文出处:
PNAS doi: 10.1073/pnas.1004527107
An early Australopithecus afarensis postcranium from Woranso-Mille, Ethiopia
Yohannes Haile-Selassiea,b,c,1, Bruce M. Latimera,b,c, Mulugeta Alened, Alan L. Deinoe, Luis Giberte, Stephanie M. Melillof, Beverly Z. Saylorg, Gary R. Scotte, and C. Owen Lovejoya,h,1
aThe Cleveland Museum of Natural History, Cleveland, OH 44106;
bDepartment of Anthropology,
cThe Institute for the Science of Origins, and
gDepartment of Geological Sciences, Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, OH 44106;
dDepartment of Earth Sciences, Addis Ababa University, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia 1176;
e Berkeley Geochronology Center, Berkeley, CA 94709;
fDepartment of Biology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA 94305; and
hDepartment of Anthropology, School of Biomedical Sciences, Kent State University, Kent, OH 44242
Only one partial skeleton that includes both forelimb and hindlimb elements has been reported for Australopithecus afarensis. The diminutive size of this specimen (A.L. 288-1 ["Lucy"]) has hampered our understanding of the paleobiology of this species absent the potential impact of allometry. Here we describe a large-bodied (i.e., well within the range of living Homo) specimen that, at 3.58 Ma, also substantially antedates A.L. 288–1. It provides fundamental evidence of limb proportions, thoracic form, and locomotor heritage in Australopithecus afarensis. Together, these characteristics further establish that bipedality in Australopithecus was highly evolved and that thoracic form differed substantially from that of either extant African ape.