到现在为止,天文学家只能够在形成行星的星盘的灼热的内测区域探测到水蒸气。
但是在欧洲航天局赫歇尔空间天文台,一组研究人员在某个这样的形成行星的星盘的外部发现了一个大型的冷水蒸气的储库。
事实上,这一水蒸气意味着存在的水冰晶量足以填充相当于地球海洋质量的数千倍的量。
Michiel Hogerheijde及其同事所报告的这一发现存在于一个形成行星的星盘中,该星盘所环绕运行的恒星叫做TW Hydra,它大约有1000万年的星龄,距离地球约175光年。 研究人员解释说,这些形成行星的星盘的外围,即发现冰冻水的地方,所代表的是据认为是与形成彗星和巨大行星相同的区域。 (大多数的研究人员相信,由冰覆盖的彗星和小行星第一次将水带到了地球。) 这些新的发现补充了我们对宇宙中行星形成和冲击输水的理解。
一篇由Rachel Akeson撰写的观点栏目对这一发现做了更为详尽的解释并对其影响做了讨论。(生物谷 Bioon.com)
doi:10.1126/science.1208931
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PMID:
Detection of the Water Reservoir in a Forming Planetary System
Michiel R. Hogerheijde, Edwin A. Bergin, Christian Brinch1, L. Ilsedore Cleeves2, Jeffrey K. J. Fogel2, Geoffrey A. Blake3, Carsten Dominik4, Dariusz C. Lis, Gary Melnick, David Neufeld, Olja Pani?, John C. Pearson9, Lars Kristensen1, Umut A. Y?ld?z1, Ewine F. van Dishoeck
Icy bodies may have delivered the oceans to the early Earth, yet little is known about water in the ice-dominated regions of extrasolar planet-forming disks. The Heterodyne Instrument for the Far-Infrared on board the Herschel Space Observatory has detected emission lines from both spin isomers of cold water vapor from the disk around the young star TW Hydrae. This water vapor likely originates from ice-coated solids near the disk surface, hinting at a water ice reservoir equivalent to several thousand Earth oceans in mass. The water’s ortho-to-para ratio falls well below that of solar system comets, suggesting that comets contain heterogeneous ice mixtures collected across the entire solar nebula during the early stages of planetary birth.