日前,发表在在线出版的《自然—气候变化》期刊上的一项研究"Climate change impacts on the biophysics and economics of world fisheries"证实,世界范围内海洋渔业经济损失的持续增加可能与气候变化有关。
在20世纪,气候变化改变了海洋环境,海洋变得更暖和、分层更多、酸性增加。最近的研究显示,这些变化影响了鱼群的生产和分布。因鱼群产出量降低和分布变化所带来的经济后果非常严重,最终会导致世界几百万人口收入减少、营养不良。
RashidSumaila和同事合作,发现了因气候变化所导致的海洋生态系统生物物理变化的证据,分析了这些变化对不同国家渔业收入和渔业成本的潜在影响。比如,1997~1998年间因厄尔尼诺气候现象导致了海洋表面温度变化,秘鲁开放海洋渔业的捕获量减少,经济损失超过2600万美元。他们呼吁对气候变化下的渔业管理制度实施更多的研究,并考虑采取适当措施适应这种变化,比如资助限制渔业、限制渔具和生计多样化的项目。(生物谷bioon.com)
doi:10.1038/nclimate1301
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Climate change impacts on the biophysics and economics of world fisheries
U. Rashid Sumaila, William W. L. Cheung, Vicky W. Y. Lam, Daniel Pauly & Samuel Herrick
Global marine fisheries are underperforming economically because of overfishing, pollution and habitat degradation. Added to these threats is the looming challenge of climate change. Observations, experiments and simulation models show that climate change would result in changes in primary productivity, shifts in distribution and changes in the potential yield of exploited marine species, resulting in impacts on the economics of fisheries worldwide. Despite the gaps in understanding climate change effects on fisheries, there is sufficient scientific information that highlights the need to implement climate change mitigation and adaptation policies to minimize impacts on fisheries.