生物谷报道：机体生成心脏、肠等非对称脏器时依靠什么区分左右呢？日本科学家在最新一期Nature杂志上发表论文说，他们找到了决定这类脏器分化方向的两个基因。这期Nature共发表了两篇相关的文章。
日本东京理科大学教授松野健治带领的研究小组利用果蝇进行实验，发现“Myo31DF”和“Myo61F”两个基因在果蝇脏器分化方向的决定过程中起着关键作用。
研究人员从约6000只果蝇中筛选出肠的方向左右颠倒的个体，然后比较它们体内各基因与正常果蝇的基因有何差异。分析结果显示，若基因“Myo31DF”不发挥作用，果蝇肠的方向就会颠倒，而与这个基因相似的“Myo61F”基因如果作用过头也会出现相同结果。研究人员由此确认，肌体内非对称脏器的正常形成必须依靠上述两个基因协调，恰到好处地发挥作用。
松野教授认为，这两个基因控制着脏器形成时细胞的移动方式。这项研究为再生医疗领域人工模拟脏器的复杂构造提供了技术基础。
生物谷专家认为，有关器官的不对称研究一直是科学研究中的热门领域，这两个新基因的发现，使人们对器官早期方向性的发育中有全新的认识。这一研究也将促进更高等生物的器官发育的机制研究。
拓展阅读:
1 器官不对称的发育研究
·不对称性的发育之谜
·细胞不对称性分裂与成层现象
·Cell：胚胎左右发育研究的重大进展
·《Science》：心脏为何长在左边？
·不对称器官与小RNA指导的DNA修饰
·Sonic Hedgehog (Shh)-参与脏器左右不对称
·人类器官分布有新解：基因决定内脏位置
·细胞外钙是决定脊椎动物器官左右不对称的感受器
·肢体不对称发育中Hox基因扮演双重角色
·人类器官分布有新解：基因决定五脏六腑位置
2 器官不对称的美学研究
·医学研究发现:人体器官不对称的美学秘密
3 神经系统不对称的研究
·神经系统细胞不对称发育分化的机理被揭示
·神经系统发育期细胞不对称分裂机制
·Nature：中国人大脑有独特的语言区
·大脑两半球机能不对称性与精神病理学的关系
·正常人、裂脑人和半脑人的大脑两半球机能不对称性
·大脑两半球机能的不对称性
原始出处:
Speder P, Adam G, Noselli S. Type ID unconventional myosin controls left-right asymmetry in Drosophila.
Nature. 2006 Apr 6;440(7085):803-7.
Hozumi S, Maeda R, Taniguchi K, Kanai M, Shirakabe S, Sasamura T, Speder P, Noselli S, Aigaki T, Murakami R, Matsuno K. An unconventional myosin in Drosophila reverses the default handedness in visceral organs. Nature. 2006 Apr 6;440(7085):798-802.
作者介绍
Noselli S. 发表的重要文章
Spéder*, P., Adam*, G. & Noselli, S. (2006). Type ID unconventional myosin controls left-right asymmetry in Drosophila. Nature, 440:803-807. (*, co-first authors) [Abstract]
Comment in : The Scientist [Link] -- CNRS News [Link] --
Hozumi, S., Maeda, R., Taniguchi, K., Sasamura, T., Spéder, P., Noselli, S., Aigaki, T., Murakami, R., Matsuno, K. (2006). An unconventional myosin in Drosophila reverses the default handedness in visceral organs. Nature, 440:798-802. [Abstract]
Colombani*, J., Bianchini*, L., Layalle*, S., Pondeville, E., Dauphin-Villemant, C., Antoniewski, C., Carre, C., Noselli, S., and Léopold, P. (2005). Antagonistic actions of ecdysone and insulins determine final size in Drosophila. Science, 310:667-670. (*, co-first authors) [PDF-386Ko]
Comment in: Science 2005, 310:630-631 -- Current Biology 2005, 15:R825-827.
Medioni C. and Noselli S. (2005). Dynamics of the basement membrane in invasive epithelial clusters in Drosophila. Development, 132:3069-77. [PDF-1080Ko].
Comment in : Development 2005, 132:1303e -- Nature Reviews|Molecular Cell Biology August 2005, 6:
8, p.595. [PDF-249Ko].
Adam G, Gausz J, Noselli S, Kurucz E, Ando I, Udvardy A. (2004). Tissue- and developmental stage-specific changes in the subcellular localization of the 26S proteasome in the ovary of Drosophila melanogaster. Mech. Dev.GEP. (3):329-33. [PDF-253Ko].
Rousset, R., Almeida, L. and Noselli, S. (2003). Equations de la soudure épithéliale. Med Sci (Paris). 19, :785-7. (Article in French) [PDF-141Ko]
Rousset, R., Almeida, L. and Noselli, S. (2003). Drosophila Morphogenesis : The Newtonian Revolution. Current Biology, 13, R494-R495. [PDF-123Ko]
Ghiglione, C., Amundadottir, L., Andresdottir, M., Bilder, D., Diamonti, JA., Noselli, S., Perrimon, N. and Carraway, KL. (2003). Mechanism of inhibition of the Drosophila and mammalian EGF receptors by the transmembrane protein Kekkon 1. Development,130, 4483-4493. [PDF-399Ko]
Adam, G., Perrimon, N. and Noselli, S. (2003). The retinoic-like juvenile hormone controls the looping of left-right asymmetric organs in Drosophila. Development, 130, 2397-2406. [PDF-403Ko]
Noselli, S. (2002). Drosophila, actin and videotape - New insights in wound healing. Nature Cell Biology, 4, E251-E253. [PDF-412Ko]
Ghiglione, C.*, Devergne, O.*, Georgenthum, E., Carballès, F., Medioni, C., Cerezo, D. and Noselli, S. (2002). The Drosophila cytokine receptor Domeless controls border cell migration and epithelial polarization during oogenesis. Development, 129, 5437-5447. [PDF-761Ko] (*, co-first authors)
LLano*, E., Adam*, G. Pendas, AM., Quesada, V., Sanchez, LM., Santamaria, I., Noselli, S., Lopez-Otin, C. (2002). Structural and enzymatic characterization of Drosophila Dm2-MMP, a membrane-bound matrix metalloproteinase with tissue-specific expression. J. Biol. Chem., 277, 23321-23329. [PDF-642Ko] (*, co-first authors)
Bourbon, H. M, Gonzy-Treboul G., Peronnet F., Alin M. F., Ardourel C., Benassayag C., Cribbs D., Deutsch J., Ferrer P., Haenlin M., Lepesant J. A., Noselli S., Vincent A. (2002). A P-insertion screen identifying novel X-linked essential genes in Drosophila. , Mech. Dev., 110, 71-83. [PDF-320Ko]
Ghiglione, C., Bach, E. A., Paraiso, Y., Carraway III, K. L., Noselli, S., Perrimon, N. (2002). Mechanism of activation of the Drosophila EGF Receptor by the TGFalpha ligand Gurken during oogenesis. Development, 129, 175-186. [PDF-307Ko]
Suzanne, M., Perrimon N., & Noselli, S. (2001). The Drosophila JNK pathway controls the morphogenesis of the egg dorsal appendages and micropyle. Developmental Biology, 237, 282-294. [PDF-2,100Ko]
Noselli S. & Perrimon N. (2000). Are there close encounters between signaling pathways? Science, 290, 68-69. [PDF-153Ko]
Agnès, F., Suzanne, M, and Noselli, S. (1999). The Drosophila JNK pathway controls the morphogenesis of imaginal discs during metamorphosis. Development, 126, 5453-5462. [PDF-337Ko]
Noselli, S., and Agnès, F. (1999). Roles of the JNK signaling pathway in Drosophila morphogenesis. Cur. Opi. Gen. Dev., 9, 466-472. [PDF-330Ko]
Suzanne, M., Irie, K., Glise, B., Agnès, F., Mori, E., Matsumoto, K., and Noselli, S. (1999). The Drosophila p38 MAPK pathway is required during oogenesis for egg asymmetric development. Genes & Dev., 13, 1464-1474. [PDF-2,964Ko]
Agnès F. and Noselli S. (1999). Dorsal closure in Drosophila: a genetic model for wound-healing? C. R. Acad. Sci. Paris, 322, 5-13.
Noselli, S. (1998). JNK signaling and morphogenesis in Drosophila. Trends in Genetics, 14, 33-38. [PDF-812Ko]
Holland, P. M., Suzanne, M., Campbell, J. S., Noselli, S., and Cooper, J. A. (1997). MKK7 is a stress activated MAP kinase kinase functionally related to hemipterous. J. Biol. Chem., 272, 24994-24998. [PDF-427Ko]
Glise, B., and Noselli, S. (1997). Coupling of JNK and DPP signaling pathways in Drosophila morphogenesis. Genes & Dev., 11, 1738-1747. [Abstract]
Glise, B., Bourbon, H., and Noselli, S. (1995). hemipterous encodes a novel Drosophila MAP kinase kinase, required for epithelial cell sheet movement. Cell 83, 451-461.
Brand S., Pichoff S., Noselli S., Bourbon H.M. (1995). Novel Drosophila melanogaster genes encoding RRM-type RNA-binding protein identified by a degenerate PCR strategy. Gene 154, 187-192.
Noselli, S. and Vincent, A. (1992). The Drosophila melanogaster ribosomal protein L17A-encoding gene. Gene 118, 273-278.
Noselli, S., Payre, F., and Vincent, A. (1992). Zinc fingers and other domains cooperate in binding of Drosophila sry b and d proteins at specific chromosomal sites. Mol. Cell. Biol. 12, 724-733.
Noselli, S., and Vincent, A. (1991). A Drosophila nulear localization signal included in a 18 amino-acid fragment from the sry d zinc finger protein. FEBS Letters 280, 167-170.
Payre, F., Noselli, S., Lefrere, V., and Vincent, A. (1990). The closely related Drosophila sry b and sry d zinc finger proteins show differential embryonic expression and distincts patterns of binding sites on polytene chromosomes. Development 110, 141-145.
Koichiro Matsuno实验室
