一项新的研究显示,慢性疲劳综合症(也叫做ME,myalgic encephalitis)与胃脏病毒有关。这项研究的结果将刊登在Journal of Clinical Pathology杂志上。
美国专家发现,一百六十五名患上肌痛脑炎(ME)的慢性疲倦综合症患者,同时有长期肠胃不适,其中达八成感染肠病毒,研究有助解释为何肌痛脑炎患者同时出现肠脏毛病,如消化不良及肠易激综合症等。
多种病毒可引致的征状与肌痛脑炎有关,包括伯基特淋巴瘤病毒和巨细胞病毒,而引致严重但短期呼吸系统和肠脏感染的肠病毒中,逾七十种可影响心脏、中枢神经。
慢性疲劳综合症(简称CFS),是由美国全疾病控制中心于1987年正式命名的,现已得到很多医学专家的认同。
慢性疲劳综合症以长期疲劳为主要特征,并伴有慢性咽炎、淋巴结肿大、头痛、肌肉及关节痛等临床表现。该病始发于20--50岁年龄段,女性多见,以文化程度高、上进心强的人多见。这些人事业上要拼搏,生活上有负荷,经常处于紧张状态之中,常有一种说不出理由的不安感觉,于是就常常感到疲劳。
任何一种疲劳都需要恢复,尤其是过度的疲劳更是如此。有资料表明,人过30岁以后,体力处于下降趋势,由于身体对疲劳的调节作用差,不能及时恢复疲劳,天长日久,就会使肌体的抵抗力和免疫力下降,使某些潜伏在重要器官里的慢性疾病急性发作,从而损害健康。
本病与中医的虚劳症有类似之处。祖国医学认为,虚劳是由多种原因所致,以脏腑亏损、气血阴阳不足为主要病机。对本病的治疗,除药物以外,提倡自我保健,如加强锻炼,讲究膳食平衡、保证充足的睡眠、工作劳逸结合,此外疏通心理压力、力戒烟酒也是至关重要的。
据资料统计,慢性疲劳综合症在90年代发病率为20-30%,英国的社区调查发现女性的患病率比男性高,女性约占30%,男性约占18%-19%,我国统计资料发现男女比例差不多。发病人群主要是从事为电脑软件开发、文秘、财务人员等行业的脑力劳动者(白领阶层)。他们除了脑力劳动的强度过大外,其社会压力、精神压力、工作压力、生活压力也十分大,加之现代社会的高强度、快节奏,以及错综复杂的现代社会环境、人际关系和激烈的竞争,更使他们身心疲惫;精神上的弦绷得紧紧的,很少有松弛的时候,这样,就很容易使人产生紧迫感、压力感、焦虑感和不被重视感,并引发焦虑、烦闷、忧郁、自卑、情绪低落等种种不良情绪。若这种精神紧张状态能够适度,则有利于进取,也利于健康,但若精神紧张状态的强度过大,而自己心理承受力又不强的话,心理的疲劳是在所难免的。这样,就容易产生慢性疲劳综合症。
原始出处:
J Clin Pathol. Published Online First: 14 September 2007. doi:10.1136/jcp.2007.051342
Copyright © 2007 by the BMJ Publishing Group Ltd & Association of Clinical Pathologists.
Enterovirus infection of the stomach in Chronic Fatigue Syndrome / Myalgic Encephalomyelitis (CFS/ME)
Chronic Fatigue Syndrome / Myalgic Encephalomyelitis (CFS/ME) is a disease characterised by severe and debilitating fatigue, sleep abnormalities, impaired memory and concentration, and musculoskeletal pain. In the Western world, the population prevalence is estimated to be of the order of 0.5%. Research studies have identified various features relevant to the pathogenesis of CFS/ME such as viral infection, immune abnormalities and immune activation, exposure to toxins, chemicals and pesticides, stress, hypotension, lymphocyte abnormalities and neuroendocrine dysfunction. However, the precise underlying disease mechanisms and means by which these abnormalities inter-relate in CFS/ME patients, remain to be clarified. Various viruses have been shown to play a triggering or perpetuating role, or both, in this complex disease. Microbes which have been shown to trigger CFS/ME include enteroviruses, Epstein-Barr virus, Chlamydia pneumoniae, parvovirus B19, Coxiella burnetii, Borna disease virus, Varicella Zoster virus, cytomegalovirus, and human herpesvirus type 6 (HHV-6). Chronic microbial infections which have been documented in CFS/ME patients include Coxiella burnetii, parvovirus B19, Chlamydia pneumoniae, hepatitis C, enteroviruses and human retroviruses. Virus reactivations in CFS/ME include Varicella-Zoster virus, Herpes Simplex virus (HSV) (increased frequency of cold sores) and EBV.
Key Words: Chronic Fatigue Syndrome, Myalgic Encephalomyelitis, enterovirus, stomach, virus
Jonathan R Kerr 1*
1 St George's University of London, United Kingdom
* To whom correspondence should be addressed. E-mail: jkerr@sgul.ac.uk .
Accepted 6 September 2007