据中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所最新消息,该所发育生物学研究中心副主任张永清研究员领衔的研究小组在最新一期的Development上发表研究成果,文章标题为:Drosophila Tubulin-specific chaperone E functions at neuromuscular synapses and is required for microtubule network formation,主要解析了神经肌肉突触中微管蛋白特异伴侣蛋白E在微管网络结构发育过程中的重要作用。
微管蛋白特异伴侣蛋白E(Tubulin-specific chaperone E,TBCE),TBCE 是一种分布在细胞骨架,微管中的蛋白,主要与未折叠蛋白和伴侣蛋白结合,促进蛋白折叠和β微管蛋白折叠,如果发生异常会导致甲状腺不足低下,形态异常综合征、Kenny-Caffey 综合征(侏儒症伴管状骨皮质增厚),面部先天性畸形(Hypoparathyroidism, mental retardation and facial dysmorphism ,HRD)等疾病的发生。
研究人员发现,如果小鼠的TBCE蛋白发生变异会导致运动神经元发生退行性病变。为了深入了解TBCE在HRD过程中所起的作用,张永清研究小组突变了生物模型果蝇的TBEC基因,并可用特殊的技术控制TBCE基因在特定组织中的表达量。
研究人员从完全缺失试验开始,首先使得果蝇完全不表达TBCE蛋白,结果导致果蝇胚胎无法正常发育最终死亡。
研究人员又尝试过度表达TBCE或是极低量表达TBCE蛋白,结果果蝇都发生病变,过度表达导致微管大量形成,过低表达导致微管功能紊乱。并且研究还发现TBCE蛋白表达量发生变化还会影响神经肌肉突触的功能。
用遗传分析手段研究发现,TBCE蛋白与植物微管切割蛋白Spastin(microtubule-severing protein Spastin)之间存在拮抗作用,以上试验连同用微管解聚药nocodazole处理肌肉的结果表明,TBCE蛋白是一种微管聚合蛋白(tubulin polymerizing protein)。
这些研究结果表明TBCE蛋白在神经肌肉突触发育过程中起重要的作用,尤其对微管的结构的形成具有重要作用。这一结果为某些疾病的研究带来了新的见解。(生物谷Bioon.com)
生物谷推荐原始出处:
Development 18 Mar 2009 doi: 10.1242/dev.029983
Drosophila Tubulin-specific chaperone E functions at neuromuscular synapses and is required for microtubule network formation
Shan Jin, Luyuan Pan, Zhihua Liu, Qifu Wang, Zhiheng Xu, and Yong Q. Zhang*
Hypoparathyroidism, mental retardation and facial dysmorphism (HRD) is a fatal developmental disease caused by mutations in tubulin-specific chaperone E (TBCE). A mouse Tbce mutation causes progressive motor neuronopathy. To dissect the functions of TBCE and the pathogenesis of HRD, we generated mutations in Drosophila tbce, and manipulated its expression in a tissue-specific manner. Drosophila tbce nulls are embryonic lethal. Tissue-specific knockdown and overexpression of tbce in neuromusculature resulted in disrupted and increased microtubules, respectively. Alterations in TBCE expression also affected neuromuscular synapses. Genetic analyses revealed an antagonistic interaction between TBCE and the microtubule-severing protein Spastin. Moreover, treatment of muscles with the microtubule-depolymerizing drug nocodazole implicated TBCE as a tubulin polymerizing protein. Taken together, our results demonstrate that TBCE is required for the normal development and function of neuromuscular synapses and that it promotes microtubule formation. As defective microtubules are implicated in many neurological and developmental diseases, our work on TBCE may offer novel insights into their basis.