2012年9月26日 讯 /生物谷BIOON/ --在一项刊登于PNAS期刊上的新研究中，来自美国华盛顿州立大学的研究人员发现新的证据表明塑料添加剂双酚A(bisphenol A, BPA)能够破坏女性的生殖系统，导致染色体损伤、流产和出生缺陷。
在这项研究中，华盛顿州立大学遗传学家Patricia Hunt 和同事们报道，在体内含有的BPA水平类似于人体内的恒河猴中，他们观察到生殖异常。通过一种与人类生殖系统最为相似的动物，研究人员支持Hunt和其他人在之前的研究中发现BPA对啮齿类动物的生殖产生广泛性的影响。
在这项研究中，研究人员将不同妊娠猴子小组接触每天一次的BPA剂量、持续低剂量BPA，并观察它们如何影响雌性胎儿的生殖系统。他们发现在成体卵发育的最早阶段，卵细胞不能正确地分裂。较早前的小鼠研究证实类似的干扰导致成熟卵产生遗传缺陷。
染色体数目错误的受精卵几乎总是不能达成妥协，从而导致自发性流产或产生具有出生缺陷的后代。
在持续性接触BPA的猴子中，Hunt在猴子妊娠第三个月时观察到进一步的并发症：猴子胎儿卵在卵泡中不能正确地被包装。卵子需要被正确地包装才能生长、发育和成熟。(生物谷：Bioon.com)
doi: 10.1073/pnas.1207854109
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Bisphenol A alters early oogenesis and follicle formation in the fetal ovary of the rhesus monkey
Patricia A. Hunta,1, Crystal Lawsona, Mary Gieskea, Brenda Murdocha, Helen Smitha, Alyssa Marrea, Terry Hassolda, and Catherine A. VandeVoort
Widespread use of the endocrine disrupting chemical bisphenol A (BPA) in consumer products has resulted in nearly continuous human exposure. In rodents, low-dose exposures have been reported to adversely affect two distinct stages of oogenesis in the developing ovary: the events of prophase at the onset of meiosis in the fetal ovary and the formation of follicles in the perinatal ovary. Because these effects could influence the reproductive longevity and success of the exposed individual, we conducted studies in the rhesus monkey to determine whether BPA induces similar disturbances in the developing primate ovary. The routes and levels of human exposure are unclear; hence, two different exposure protocols were used: single daily oral doses and continuous exposure via subdermal implant. Our analyses of second trimester fetuses exposed at the time of meiotic onset suggest that, as in mice, BPA induces subtle disturbances in the prophase events that set the stage for chromosome segregation at the first meiotic division. Our analyses of third-trimester fetuses exposed to single daily oral doses during the time of follicle formation revealed an increase in multioocyte follicles analogous to that reported in rodents. However, two unique phenotypes were evident in continuously exposed animals: persistent unenclosed oocytes in the medullary region and small, nongrowing oocytes in secondary and antral follicles. Because effects on both stages of oogenesis were elicited using doses that yield circulating levels of BPA analogous to those reported in humans, these findings raise concerns for human reproductive health.
