2012年11月14日 讯 /生物谷BIOON/ --11月12日,刊登在国际杂志Nature Genetics上的一篇研究报告揭示了慢性慢性胰腺炎和酒精消耗(饮酒)之间的遗传关联,来自匹兹堡大学医学院等25处研究机构的研究者共同研究发现了claudin-2基因(CLDN2)附近X染色体的遗传突变,这就可以帮助研究者预测,重度饮酒者患慢性胰腺炎风险会明显升高。
研究者David C. Whitcomb表示,这项研究为我们揭开了为何一些个体更易患慢性胰腺炎的遗传基础。我们知道很多饮酒者更易患胰腺炎,但是原因并不清楚,这项研究发现揭示了X染色体的遗传突变,或许可以帮助解释这种结果。
这项研究耗时10年,参与者超过了2000人,参与者都进行了DNA的检测,研究者发现26%的非胰腺炎参与者在X染色体上会出现共有的DNA突变,而这种共有的DNA突变在酒精性胰腺炎的参与者中出现的比率增加到了50%。妇女有一对X染色体,因此其出现DNA突变的风险相比一个X染色体更高一些,男性的染色体为X染色体和Y染色体,如果其遗传了一个高风险的X染色体,那么其就不会有保护作用。
X染色体的因素并不会引发胰腺炎,但是如果由于胆石性胰腺炎或者腹部创伤所引发的胰腺损伤就会引发慢性胰腺炎,尤其是大量饮酒。在饮酒个体中鉴别出高风险的染色体,也就代表了胰腺损伤的早期症状,如果胰腺损伤以及急性胰腺炎发生了,那么病人就要立刻停止饮酒。
研究者对参与者进行了研究,发现16%的男性的饮酒水平可以被定义为高风险行为,其中,26%的饮酒过度男性患胰腺炎的风险升高。仅有10%的妇女饮酒水平被认为是危险水平,这些妇女中有6%的个体在一对X染色体上存在突变。
此前的研究发现非酒精性的慢性胰腺炎有很强的遗传相关性,但是这项研究帮助研究者消除了此前的观点,此前观点认为慢性胰腺炎患者很有可能是过度饮酒者。相关研究由国立卫生研究院提供资助。(生物谷Bioon.com)
编译自:Genetic Link Between Pancreatitis and Alcohol Consumption
doi:10.1038/ng.2466
PMC:
PMID:
Common genetic variants in the CLDN2 and PRSS1-PRSS2 loci alter risk for alcohol-related and sporadic pancreatitis
David C Whitcomb,1, 2, 3 Jessica LaRusch,1 Alyssa M Krasinskas,4 Lambertus Klei,5 Jill P Smith,6 Randall E Brand,1 John P Neoptolemos,7 Markus M Lerch,8 Matt Tector,9 Bimaljit S Sandhu,10 Nalini M Guda,9 Lidiya Orlichenko,1 Alzheimer's Disease Genetics Consortium, Samer Alkaade,12 Stephen T Amann,13 Michelle A Anderson,14 John Baillie,15 Peter A Banks,16 Darwin Conwell,16 Gregory A Coté,17 Peter B Cotton,18 James DiSario,19 Lindsay A Farrer,20, 89, 90, 95 Chris E Forsmark,21 Marianne Johnstone,7 Timothy B Gardner,22 Andres Gelrud,1 William Greenhalf,7 Jonathan L Haines,23, 24 Douglas J Hartman,4 Robert A Hawes,18 Christopher Lawrence,18 Michele Lewis,25 Julia Mayerle,8 Richard Mayeux,26, 27 Nadine M Melhem,5 Mary E Money,28 Thiruvengadam Muniraj,29 Georgios I Papachristou,1 Margaret A Pericak-Vance,30, 31 Joseph Romagnuolo,18 Gerard D Schellenberg,32 Stuart Sherman,17 Peter Simon,8 Vijay P Singh,1 Adam Slivka,1 Donna Stolz,2 Robert Sutton,7 Frank Ulrich Weiss,8 C Mel Wilcox,33 Narcis Octavian Zarnescu,1 Stephen R Wisniewski,34 Michael R O'Connell,1 Michelle L Kienholz,1 Kathryn Roeder,35 M Michael Barmada,3 Dhiraj Yadav1 & Bernie Devlin3, 5 et al.
Pancreatitis is a complex, progressively destructive inflammatory disorder. Alcohol was long thought to be the primary causative agent, but genetic contributions have been of interest since the discovery that rare PRSS1, CFTR and SPINK1 variants were associated with pancreatitis risk. We now report two associations at genome-wide significance identified and replicated at PRSS1-PRSS2 (P < 1 × 10−12) and X-linked CLDN2 (P < 1 × 10−21) through a two-stage genome-wide study (stage 1: 676 cases and 4,507 controls; stage 2: 910 cases and 4,170 controls). The PRSS1 variant likely affects disease susceptibility by altering expression of the primary trypsinogen gene. The CLDN2 risk allele is associated with atypical localization of claudin-2 in pancreatic acinar cells. The homozygous (or hemizygous in males) CLDN2 genotype confers the greatest risk, and its alleles interact with alcohol consumption to amplify risk. These results could partially explain the high frequency of alcohol-related pancreatitis in men (male hemizygote frequency is 0.26, whereas female homozygote frequency is 0.07).