生物谷报道：今天（1月14日）刚刚出版的Cell正式刊出中国科学院神经科学研究所的文章，早在两个月前，生物谷首次公开报道，Cell正式接收中国大陆近二十五年来第一篇原创性Cell文章，是中国生命科学领域的重大的突破，详细见：中科院神经所蒋辉博士的论文已被Cell接收，生物谷报道后，在国内引起了极大的反响，被全国各大网站，BBS转载，同时许多研究工作者发表了精彩的评论，如管中窥豹——从蒋辉的信看神经所氛围，为促进国内生命科学的发展起到积极的推动作用。
蒋辉博士在这篇报道中发现：GSK蛋白质的活性对确定神经细胞极性起关键作用，开拓了治疗神经损伤的新途径。
这篇具有开创性意义的文章主要来自于中科院上海生命科学研究院神经科学研究所，也是神经所近数年来发表的一系列重大文章之一，附后（文章均可下载）。
脑神经复杂的信息传导有赖神经细胞的特殊结构，神经细胞通常有两种结构 接收讯号的树突、发送讯号的轴突。他们的研究揭示了神经细胞的这两个基本极性是如何形成的，GSK蛋白激酶在发育过程中的分布有极性，在轴突中的活性比树突中要低。如果其活性太高，神经细胞会没有轴突，太低则会把树突变成轴突。它的活性由上游分子来调控，多个分子形成通路，控制着神经细胞的极性。还发现，确定神经细胞极性的GSK还维持着极性。如果用药物改变GSK活性，就可以把树突变成轴突。这表明，可以通过药物来增加轴突数量，这可能成为神经元损伤修复和退行性神经系统疾病治疗的新突破口。
Axon-dendrite polarity is a cardinal feature of neuronal morphology essential for information flow. Here we report a differential distribution of GSK-3 activity in the axon versus the dendrites. A constitutively active GSK-3 mutant inhibited axon formation, whereas multiple axons formed from a single neuron when GSK-3 activity was reduced by pharmacological inhibitors, a peptide inhibitor, or siRNAs. An active mechanism for maintaining neuronal polarity was revealed by the conversion of preexisting dendrites into axons upon GSK-3 inhibition. Biochemical and functional data show that the Akt kinase and the PTEN phosphatase are upstream of GSK-3 in determining neuronal polarity. Our results demonstrate that there are active mechanisms for maintaining as well as establishing neuronal polarity, indicate that GSK-3 relays signaling from Akt and PTEN to play critical roles in neuronal polarity, and suggest that application of GSK-3 inhibitors can be a novel approach to promote generation of new axons after neural injuries.
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相关报道：
管中窥豹——从蒋辉的信看神经所氛围
中科院神经所蒋辉博士的论文已被Cell接收
饶毅博士简介
蒲慕明所长在神经所2003年所年会上的讲话
蒲慕明教授对神经所的新年祝词
蒲慕明博士简介 href="http://www.bioon.com/biology/talent/chinese/200411/83869.html" target=_blank>蒲慕明博士简介
附1：
神经所近三年内已发表的重要文章[PDF文件全部可以下载]
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