March 23, 2007: 128 (6)
Cover Caption：On the cover: Drosophila projection neurons (PNs) carry odor information to higher olfactory centers. In this image, single PNs from 220 sample brains have been assembled onto a single fly brain model by a process of warping registration, whereby brains of slightly different shapes can be mapped onto one another. On the right, 229 PN axons belonging to 33 glomerular classes are labeled by a class-specific color. Each PN class synapses with specific olfactory receptor neurons and projects to stereotyped regions in the mushroom body calyx and lateral horn (the most lateral structure). The left side shows a subset of PN axons, emphasizing that putative pheromone-representing PNs (red color shades) project their axons to an area of the lateral horn distinct from those that process fruit odors (green color shades). The lateral horn neuropil is therefore compartmentalized to reflect biologically relevant olfactory inputs. For more details, see the article by Jefferis, Potter et al. in this issue (pp. 1187–1203). Cover design is by Christopher Potter and Gregory Jefferis. See also page 1205 of this issue for related work on the mapping of higher-order olfactory information in Drosophila.
生物谷报道：昆虫的触角叶(antennal lobe，AL)作为初级嗅处理中枢由许多嗅球体(g]onlertli)神经网组成。果蝇中，大约50种嗅感觉受体神经元（olfactory receptor neurons，ORNs）向AL中50种相应的glomeruli发送轴突。Uniglomerular投射神经元（projection neurons，PN）将嗅觉信息传递达蕈状体（mushroom body，MB）和侧角（lateral horn ，LH）。
来自斯坦福大学、剑桥大学和斯坦福研究院的研究人员，将单细胞标记和图像配准（image registration）相结合，绘制出高清晰、定量的35条输入PN通道和几组LH神经元的MB和LH图谱。
研究人员发现：（1）向MB输入的PN，与到达LH的相似；（2）PN的来自不同sensillar群的ORNs搭挡，在LH中聚集成簇；（3）水果的气味大多被呈递在后背部LH（posterior-dorsal LH），然而候选信息素应答PN 投射到前腹LH（anterior-ventral）；（4）一个LH神经元的树突与特定的PN轴突子集重叠。这些说明LH是根据嗅觉输入的生理价值进行组织的。
果蝇投射神经元携带嗅觉信息到达高级嗅觉中枢。图中，来自于220个样本脑的特定PNs，通过扭曲配准（warping registration，生物谷编者译）过程被组装在一个果蝇大脑模型上。为何外形稍微不同的大脑能够映射另一个大脑？
右边，33 组glomerular中的229条PN轴突被一组特定颜色标记，每条PN通过特定的嗅感觉受体神经元对突触分类，将突触投射到蕈状体蕈体冠和侧角（大部分侧面结构）的已定型的区域。左边显示的是一个PN轴突子集，强调传递信息素的PNs（发红部分）将它们的轴突投射到侧角的与加工水果气味的区域（绿色部分）分开的区域，侧角神经毯（neuropil）因此被划分，反应生物学相关的嗅觉输入。
