生物谷援引新华网斯德哥尔摩１月６日电（记者 吴平）瑞典《每日新闻》日前报道说，瑞典研究人员开展的一项大规模研究结果表明，精神分裂症等精神病症与脑部病毒感染存在一定相关性。
据报道，瑞典卡罗林斯卡医学院研究人员对１９７３年至１９８５年期间出生的１２０多万名瑞典人进行研究后得出了以上结论。这是世界
范围内迄今开展的最大规模的类似研究。１２０多万名研究对象中有９０００人在１３岁前曾患有脑炎，其中又有约２３００人患有精神分裂症或其他精神病症。
脑炎主要由病毒或细菌感染引起。对比研究表明，精神分裂症等精神病症与引发脑炎的细菌感染没有关联，但与引发脑炎的病毒感染存在一定相关性。例如研究中发现，感染巨细胞病毒引发脑炎的人精神分裂症的患病风险比普通人高出６０％，感染腮腺炎病毒引发脑炎的人患精神分裂症风险比普通人高出一倍。
不过研究也显示，只有特定脑部病毒感染会增加人患精神分裂症等精神病症的风险，这些引发感染的病毒通常拥有侵入大脑软组织的能力。研究人员指出，精神分裂症等精神病症主要可能还是由遗传因素引起的，脑部病毒感染在其中所起的作用可能并不是很大。
这一研究结果已在今年第一期《美国精神病学杂志》上发表。
生物谷推荐原始出处：
Am J Psychiatry 2008; 165:59-65
(published online December 3, 2007; doi: 10.1176/appi.ajp.2007.07050740)
Infections in the CNS During Childhood and the Risk of Subsequent Psychotic Illness: A Cohort Study of More Than One Million Swedish Subjects
Christina Dalman, M.D., Ph.D., Peter Allebeck, M.D., Ph.D., David Gunnell, M.B., Ch.B., Ph.D., Glyn Harrison, M.D., F.R.C.Psych., Krister Kristensson, M.D., Ph.D., Glyn Lewis, M.D., Ph.D., Sofia Lofving, B.Sc., Finn Rasmussen, M.D., Ph.D., Susanne Wicks, B.Sc., and Håkan Karlsson, Ph.D.
OBJECTIVE: Infections during early life have been suggested to play a role in the etiology of schizophrenia. Most studies have focused on fetal life; few have explored risk associated with infection during childhood. The results of these have been inconsistent. The present study aims to investigate whether there is an increased risk of schizophrenia and other nonaffective psychoses associated with viral or bacterial CNS infections during childhood and, if so, which specific agents are involved. METHOD: A national cohort consisting of 1.2 million children born between 1973 and 1985 was followed up by using Swedish national registers to retrieve data on hospital admissions for CNS infections at 0–12 years of age (bacterial: N=2,435, viral: N=6,550) as well as admissions for nonaffective psychotic illnesses from the 14th birthday (N=2,269). RESULTS: There was a slightly increased risk of nonaffective psychotic illness associated with viral CNS infections, as well as schizophrenia. There was no evidence of increased risk in relation to bacterial infections. When divided into specific agents, exposures to mumps virus or cytomegalovirus were associated with subsequent psychoses. CONCLUSIONS: Serious viral CNS infections during childhood appear to be associated with the later development of schizophrenia and nonaffective psychoses. The association with specific viruses suggests that the risk is related to infectious agents with a propensity to invade the brain parenchyma. （生物谷编辑：Lily）
