生物谷报道:人类大脑具有抑制烦恼记忆的能力,这使我们能够从容应对每一天的生活。然而一直以来,神经学家对于其中的机制却所知甚少。以色列科学家近日使用催眠术对此进行了研究,取得了一些新的成果。相关论文1月10日发表在《神经元》(Neuron)上。
通过催眠暗示作用,有些人能够抑制特定的记忆,这称为催眠后健忘症(posthypnotic amnesia)。利用这一现象,以色列魏兹曼科学研究所(Weizmann Institute of Science)的神经学家Yadin Dudai和同事,让实验参与者观看一部讲述一个年轻女性日常生活的影片。一周后,参与者返回实验室,在催眠状态下,研究人员指示他们忘记影片内容,最后再指示他们尝试记起所有内容。
结果正如所料,催眠触发了记忆的抑制。当参与者清醒过来后,研究人员就影片的内容对他们进行了测试,结果他们只能答对一半的问题;当参与者听到“开始记起所有内容”的提示语后,再次进行测试,这次准确率平均达到了80%,与没有进行催眠的对照组相当。
同步进行的功能核磁共振成像(fMRI)显示,当参与者抑制记忆时,大脑有些区域,主要是枕骨和大脑颞叶(temporal lobes)区,异乎寻常地“安静”;与此相对照,外侧前额皮质(rostrolateral prefrontal cortex)区的活性(与记忆的恢复有关),在这期间却升高。Dudai推测说,可能就是这一区域“否决”了参与者对电影内容回忆的恢复。
英国圣·安德鲁斯大学的认知神经学家Michael Anderson认为,“此次实验想法聪明,结果也很有趣。”他对研究的结果表示赞同,但同时表示还需更多的工作以弄清外侧前额皮质的作用。他表示,了解记忆抑制的机制是非常重要的,因为它是维持情绪平衡的关键部分。他说:“我们每个人都会经常面对一些不愿意去回想的事情。”(科学网 梅进/编译)
(《神经元》(Neuron),Vol 57, 159-170, 10 January 2008,Avi Mendelsohn,Yadin Dudai)
生物谷推荐原始出处:
Neuron, Vol 57, 159-170, 10 January 2008
Article
Mesmerizing Memories: Brain Substrates of Episodic Memory Suppression in Posthypnotic Amnesia
Avi Mendelsohn,1,3 Yossi Chalamish,1,3 Alexander Solomonovich,2 and Yadin Dudai1,
1 Department of Neurobiology, The Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
2 Hypnosis Unit, Wolfson Medical Center, Holon, Israel
Corresponding author
Yadin Dudai
yadin.dudai@weizmann.ac.il
Two groups of participants, one susceptible to posthypnotic amnesia (PHA) and the other not, viewed a movie. A week later, they underwent hypnosis in the fMRI scanner and received a suggestion to forget the movie details after hypnosis until receiving a reversal cue. The participants were tested twice for memory for the movie and for the context in which it was shown, under the posthypnotic suggestion and after its reversal, while their brain was scanned. The PHA group showed reduced memory for movie but not for context while under suggestion. Activity in occipital, temporal, and prefrontal areas differed among the groups, and, in the PHA group, between suggestion and reversal conditions. We propose that whereas some of these regions subserve retrieval of long-term episodic memory, others are involved in inhibiting retrieval, possibly already in a preretrieval monitoring stage. Similar mechanisms may also underlie other forms of functional amnesia.