美国贝勒医学院的研究人员发现,15号染色体上遗传物质删除导致的基因缺失与显著的学习和行为异常有关。这项研究结果发布在《自然—遗传学》(Nature Genetics)的在线版本上。
Arthur L. Beaudet博士认为,在行为异常的人中,能够发现染色体上特定基因的缺失,比如精神分裂症患者。相关基因在精神分裂症中的角色科学家已经研究了一段时间。
据先前的报道,那些出现大量片段删除的个体表现出相同的紊乱,这些片段包含更多基因。在这项研究中,他们发现小规模遗传材料的缺失,即基因CHRNA7和其他基因的一部分,在4个家族的10个成员中出现了类似的状况。
该基因能编码烟碱受体的亚单元,Beaudet介绍说,其能调节机体对尼古丁的应答。该基因编码的蛋白质是一个离子通道,该通道允许离子出入神经元。离子通道的缺失会导致癫痫或突发神经失调。
尼古丁受体表达不充分,会导致15号染色体上特定区域缺失而产生的大部分甚至全部的问题。这为新药研发提供了一个靶标,其中文章中提到的一种药物就是Chantix。(生物谷Bioon.com)
生物谷推荐原始出处:
Nature Genetics 8 November 2009 | doi:10.1038/ng.481
A small recurrent deletion within 15q13.3 is associated with a range of neurodevelopmental phenotypes
Marwan Shinawi1, Christian P Schaaf1, Samarth S Bhatt1, Zhilian Xia1, Ankita Patel1, Sau Wai Cheung1, Brendan Lanpher2, Sandra Nagl3, Heinrich Stephan Herding4, Claudia Nevinny-Stickel3, LaDonna L Immken5, Gayle Simpson Patel5, Jennifer Ruth German1, Arthur L Beaudet1 & Pawel Stankiewicz1,6
We report a recurrent 680-kb deletion within chromosome 15q13.3 in ten individuals, from four unrelated families, with neurodevelopmental phenotypes including developmental delay, mental retardation and seizures. This deletion likely resulted from nonallelic homologous recombination between low-copy repeats on the normal and inverted region of chromosome 15q13.3. Although this deletion also affects OTUD7A, accumulated data suggest that haploinsufficiency of CHRNA7 is causative for the majority of neurodevelopmental phenotypes in the 15q13.3 microdeletion syndrome.
1 Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas, USA.
2 Division of Genetics and Genomic Medicine, Vanderbilt University, Nashville, Tennessee, USA.
3 Medizinisches Versorgungszentrum Humane Genetik, Munich, Germany.
4 Praxis für Kinde und Jugendmedizin, Meldorf, Germany.
5 Clinical Genetics, Specially for Children, Austin, Texas, USA.
6 Department of Medical Genetics, Institute of Mother and Child, Warsaw, Poland.