非典型抗精神病药物在抗精神病药中占有重要位置。然而，很少有研究对抗精神病药在精神专科医院中-长时间住院患者中的应用进展进行评估。目前，一项发表在最新一期Int J Psychiat Clin杂志上的研究"The use of antipsychotics in a medium–long stay psychiatric hospital from 1998 to 2010"着重分析了自1998年至2010年，抗精神病药在精神专科医院中-长时间住院患者中的应用进展。
该项研究对1998年-2010年所有在精神专科医院住院231天的患者的抗精神病药物消费数据和费用进行评估；从住院数据库中获取患者住院天数。最佳日剂量（DDD）由世界健康组织（WHO）界定。此外，研究亦采用新近的专家共识推荐对抗精神病药的使用率进行评估。采用个体DDD或所有抗精神病药的总等效剂量/年住院天数，计算抗精神病药的使用情况。
结果发现自1998年至2010年，抗精神病药的使用率增加至135%；采用专家共识推荐进行计算，则抗精神病药的使用率增加至108%。自1998年以来，抗精神病药的费用花费增加6倍。这种费用的增长与非典型抗精神病药的使用增加有关。
因此，13年来，抗精神病药的使用率至少增加2倍。这种增长与非典型抗精神病药的使用增加有关，非典型药物的使用导致总抗精神病药物费用花费增加6倍。然而，这种处方类型的改变是否可获得明显的临床效益尚不明确。（生物谷Bioon.com）
doi:10.3109/13651501.2011.633172
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The use of antipsychotics in a medium–long stay psychiatric hospital from 1998 to 2010
Unax Lertxundi1, Saioa Domingo Echaburu2 & Rafael Hernandez Palacios3
Objective. Atypical agents have emerged as the dominant choice among antipsychotics. Data about development of antipsychotic use in medium–long stay psychiatric hospitals is lacking. Material and methods. Antipsychotic drug consumption data and cost was obtained from 1998 to 2010 for all inpatients of a 231-bed psychiatric hospital. Number of hospital stays was obtained from the hospital admission unit. Daily defined dose (DDD) values were those assigned by the WHO. Antipsychotic use was also measured using recently available consensus-based recommendations. Antipsychotic use was then calculated as the sum of individual DDD or total equivalent doses of all antipsychotics divided by the annual stay number. Results. Antipsychotic use increased 135% from 1998 to 2010 when measured in DDDs or 108% when measured with the consensus-based recommendations. Antipsychotic expenditure has risen six-fold since 1998. This augmentation is due to the increase of use of atypical antipsychotics. Conclusion. In conclusion, antipsychotic use has at least doubled in the last 13 years. This growth, attributable to an increase in atypical drug use, has contributed to a six-fold increase in the total antipsychotic expenditure. Whether this prescription pattern has translated into palpable clinical benefits remains unclear.
