最近刊登于内分泌学会的《临床内分泌及代谢》J Clin Endocrinol Metab杂志上一项研究"Baseline Sympathetic Nervous System Activity Predicts Dietary Weight Loss in Obese Metabolic Syndrome Subjects"发现，减肥成功者与减肥抵抗者相比，前者有显著较高的神经休息活动。
交感神经系统广泛分布于体内，下意识里调控多种生理功能，包括控制基础代谢率和饭后卡路里的消耗。本研究调查了在一组肥胖者热量饮食干预计划中，交感神经系统活动和减肥效果之间的关系。
澳大利亚墨尔本贝克心脏与糖尿病研究院的Nora Straznicky博士是这项研究的第一作者，他说：“我们已经首次证明，静止肌肉交感神经活动(MSNA)是一个有效的独立预测减肥结果的指标。我们的研究结果提供两个机会。首先，我们可以识别哪些人对生活方式的干预措施收益最大，比如节食减肥。其次，通过刺激特定的神经活动，可能有助于减肥治疗。”
参与该试验的42名超重或肥胖者，连续12周每天减少30%的卡路里摄入量。由微神经检查法测量肌肉交感神经活性，即把金属微电极插进神经束(束神经纤维)。研究人员发现，静止肌肉交感神经活性基线可以独立预测减肥是否成功。
Straznicky说：“我们还发现，碳水化合物试验餐后，减肥成功者神经活动大量增加，而减肥抵抗者这些反应彻底减弱。这说明潜意识的神经系统活动对于饮食减肥成功具有重要贡献。”（生物谷bioon.com）
doi:10.1210/jc.2011-2320
PMC:
PMID:
Baseline Sympathetic Nervous System Activity Predicts Dietary Weight Loss in Obese Metabolic Syndrome Subjects
Nora E. Straznicky,Nina Eikelis,Paul J. Nestel,John B. Dixon,Tye Dawood,Mariee T. Grima,Carolina I. Sari,Markus P. Schlaich,Murray D. Esler,Alan J. Tilbrook,Gavin W. Lambert and Elisabeth A. Lambert
Context: The sympathetic nervous system is an important physiological modulator of basal and postprandial energy expenditure.
Objective: Our objective was to investigate whether the variability of weight loss attained during hypocaloric dietary intervention is related to individual differences in baseline sympathetic drive and nutritional sympathetic nervous system responsiveness.
Participants and Methods: Untreated obese subjects (n = 42; body mass index = 32.1 ± 0.5 kg/m2), aged 57 ± 1 yr, who fulfilled Adult Treatment Panel III metabolic syndrome criteria participated in a 12-wk weight loss program using a modified Dietary Approaches to Treat Hypertension (DASH) diet. Muscle sympathetic nerve activity (MSNA) was measured by microneurography at rest and in a subset of subjects during a standard 75-g oral glucose tolerance test.
Results: Weight loss (6.7 ± 0.5 kg) was independently predicted by baseline resting MSNA burst incidence (r = 0.38; P = 0.019), which accounted for 14.3% of the variance after adjustment for age and baseline body weight. Weight loss-resistant subjects in the lower tertile of weight loss (4.4 ± 0.3%) had significantly blunted MSNA responses to oral glucose at baseline compared with successful weight losers (9.6 ± 0.8%). Absolute Δ MSNA averaged −7 ± 2, −6 ± 5, and −3 ± 3 bursts per 100 heartbeats at 30, 60, and 90 min after glucose in the weight loss-resistant group. Corresponding values in the successful weight loss group were 9 ± 3, 12 ± 3, and 15 ± 4 bursts per 100 heartbeats (time × group interaction, P = 0.004).
Conclusions: These findings indicate that baseline sympathetic drive and nutritional sympathetic responsiveness may be important prognostic biological markers for weight loss outcome.
