设想下,如果医生能在帕金森病初露端倪时发现它并在疾病折磨患者之前对触发它的蛋白进行治疗。
由美国密歇根州立大学博士后研究员Basir Ahmad领导的研究团队证明,缓慢卷曲的alpha-突触蛋白是导致聚集的原因,蛋白聚集是帕金森症的第一步。研究结果发表于本期《美国国家科学院报》(PNAS)上。
蛋白质是由氨基酸组成的链状分子,行使着细胞中大部分功能。尽管科学家已经知道蛋白质是如何构成,但却一直不了解它们是如何被建成--即一个被称为折叠的过程。当折叠发生错误,蛋白就聚集在一起,形成诸如发现于帕金森症、阿尔茨海默氏症和卢伽雷氏病中的斑块,并导致细胞退化。
密歇根州立大学物理学和天文学副教授、论文共同作者Lisa Lapidus博士的实验室一直致力于蛋白折叠的研究。通过使用激光对α-突触核蛋白进行调查研究,科学家们将蛋白重排的速度和聚集的倾向性联系了起来。一个较慢的速度置蛋白于一种"危险的境地",使蛋白呈现出粘性的片状、聚集并造成细胞损伤,Lapidus说。
"在聚集过程中发生了很多很多步骤,但我们已经确定了第一步,"她说。"如果能找到一种方法在疾病的最初阶段而不是疾病发展的某一阶段进行制止,有望提高疾病治疗的成功率。"
关键的第一步的确定使研究人员开始寻找一些新方法来攻击疾病。Lapidus目前正在测试一组天然的化合物,如姜黄素、ECGC和白藜芦醇,这些化合物有可能将正在重排的蛋白推出"危险的境地"。
"目前我们正在寻找一些在蛋白准备开始"错误折叠"时能改变蛋白的分子,最终可能将促使开发出一种药物来防止聚集的发生,"她说。
该信息由密歇根州立大学提供。(生物谷bioon.com)
doi:10.1073/pnas.1109526109
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PMID:
Aggregation of α-synuclein is kinetically controlled by intramolecular diffusion
Basir Ahmad, Yujie Chen, and Lisa J. Lapidus
Abstract:We hypothesize that the first step of aggregation of disordered proteins, such as α-synuclein, is controlled by the rate of backbone reconfiguration. When reconfiguration is fast, bimolecular association is not stable, but as reconfiguration slows, association is more stable and subsequent aggregation is faster. To investigate this hypothesis, we have measured the rate of intramolecular diffusion in α-synuclein, a protein involved in Parkinson’s disease, under solvent conditions that accelerate or decelerate aggregation. Using the method of tryptophan-cysteine (Trp-Cys) quenching, the rate of intramolecular contact is measured in four different loops along the chain length. This intrinsically disordered protein is highly diffusive at low temperature at neutral pH, when aggregation is slow, and compacts and diffuses more slowly at high temperature or low pH, when aggregation is rapid. Diffusion also slows with the disease mutation A30P. This work provides unique insights into the earliest steps of α-synuclein aggregation pathway and should provide the basis for the development of drugs that can prevent aggregation at the initial stage.