2012年11月5日 讯 /生物谷BIOON/ --易斯安那州立大学健康科学中心神经科学教授Chu Chen博士领导的一项研究发现一种酶单酰基甘油脂肪酶(MAGL)可作为一种新的治疗靶标来治疗或预防老年痴呆症。相关研究发表于2012年11月1日的Cell杂志上。
该研究小组发现,MAGL的失活能降低β-淀粉样蛋白斑的产生和积累,β-淀粉样蛋白斑的积累是阿尔茨海默氏症的主要病理特征。抑制这种酶减少了神经炎症和神经退行性疾病,并能改善大脑的可塑性,促进学习和记忆。
研究结果表明,MAGL有助于引发阿尔茨海默氏症,是一个很有潜力的治疗靶点,阻断MAGL可以预防老年痴呆症。研究人员在小鼠中用高度选择性的抑制剂阻断MAGL,结果发现 MAGL失活八周时间后是足以降低β-淀粉样蛋白斑的沉积,同时使得β淀粉样蛋白对脑细胞产生毒性所涉及的基因功能也受到抑制。
他们还测量了神经炎症和神经退行性病变的指标,研究小组发现给予抑制剂治疗的小鼠大脑中与认知相关的神经突触的结构和功能完整性保持不变,但MAGL失活却能促进学习和记忆。
阿尔茨海默氏症是一种神经退行性疾病,特点是淀粉样蛋白斑块的积累和沉积,神经原纤维缠结,患者认知功能逐渐恶化和丧失记忆。老年痴呆症是老年人最常见的疾病之一,这项研究得到了美国国立卫生研究院的资助。(生物谷:Bioon)
doi:10.1016/j.celrep.2012.09.030
PMC:
PMID:
Monoacylglycerol Lipase Is a Therapeutic Target for Alzheimer's Disease.
Rongqing Chen, Jian Zhang, Yan Wu, Dongqing Wang, Guoping Feng, Ya-Ping Tang, Zhaoqian Teng, Chu Chen.
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is the most common cause of dementia among older people. There are no effective medications currently available to prevent and treat AD and halt disease progression. Monoacylglycerol lipase (MAGL) is the primary enzyme metabolizing the endocannabinoid 2-arachidonoylglycerol in the brain. We show here that inactivation of MAGL robustly suppressed production and accumulation of β-amyloid (Aβ) associated with reduced expression of β-site amyloid precursor protein cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1) in a mouse model of AD. MAGL inhibition also prevented neuroinflammation, decreased neurodegeneration, maintained integrity of hippocampal synaptic structure and function, and improved long-term synaptic plasticity, spatial learning, and memory in AD animals. Although the molecular mechanisms underlying the beneficial effects produced by MAGL inhibition remain to be determined, our results suggest that MAGL, which regulates endocannabinoid and prostaglandin signaling, contributes to pathogenesis and neuropathology of AD, and thus is a promising therapeutic target for the prevention and treatment of AD.