美国纽约西奈山医学院的Scott H. Sicherer博士及其同事研究发现,百白破疫苗中可能残留的酪蛋白可导致严重牛奶过敏患儿发生疫苗过敏反应,不过多数牛奶过敏患儿接种百白破疫苗仍是安全的。该研究发表在《过敏和临床免疫杂志》5月30日在线版上(J Allergy Clin Immunol 2011 doi: 10.1016/j.jaci.2011.04.046)。
研究者检索全美疫苗不良事件报告系统的数据后发现,2007~2010年共报告了39例针对无细胞百白破疫苗(DTaP)、百白破疫苗(DTP)或减量破伤风白喉非细胞性百日咳混合疫苗(Tdap)的过敏反应。其中8例患儿在接种上述疫苗的加强针之后1 h内出现过敏症状。
为了确定疫苗中来自牛奶的残留酪蛋白是否与疫苗过敏反应有关,研究者分析了上述8例患儿的临床资料。结果显示,其中6例患儿既往曾发生急性牛奶过敏反应,其余2例患儿则依据血清学检查结果被诊断为牛奶过敏。在发生疫苗过敏反应后2年内,这8例患儿的牛奶特异性IgE水平均增高。
研究者还对Tdap和DTaP疫苗进行了检测,发现8个批次的疫苗中含有微量酪蛋白,因此推测残留酪蛋白可能导致高敏儿童发生疫苗过敏反应。
但鉴于百白破疫苗的过敏反应十分罕见,研究者认为多数高敏儿童仍可以耐受含有残留酪蛋白的疫苗,即接种该疫苗仍是安全的。(生物谷Bioon.com)
生物谷推荐原文出处:
The Journal of Allergy and Clinical Immunology doi:10.1016/j.jaci.2011.04.046
Anaphylaxis to diphtheria, tetanus, and pertussis vaccines among children with cow’s milk allergy
Jacob D. Kattan, MD, George N. Konstantinou, MD, PhD, MSc, Amanda L. Cox, MD, Anna Nowak-Wgrzyn, MD, Gustavo Gimenez, BA, Hugh A. Sampson, MD, Scott H. Sicherer, MD
Disclosure of potential conflict of interest: H. A. Sampson is a consultant for Allertein Therapeutics, LLC; has received research support from the Food Allergy Initiative and the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases (NIAID)/National Institutes of Health (NIH); is a consultant and scientific advisor for the Food Allergy Initiative; is a medical advisor for the Food Allergy & Anaphylaxis Network; is a scientific advisor for the University of Nebraska–FARRP; and is 45% owner of Herbal Springs, LLC. S. H. Sicherer is a consultant for the Food Allergy Initiative and has received research support from the NIAID/NIH. The rest of the authors have declared that they have no conflict of interest.