7月27日，Immunity杂志报道，科学家发现了一类新的树突细胞可大大促进免疫疗法的研究进展。
树突状细胞（DC）介导，交叉呈递在外周循环中获得的外源性抗原，对于发起CD8 + T细胞反应是至关重要的。以往研究描述了几个在人体组织中的DC亚群，但迁徙性交叉抗原递呈DC细胞并没有被分离到。它们对于机体抵抗病原体和肿瘤的免疫力，与疫苗的相互作用和对自身组织的免疫耐受具有潜在重要性。
本研究发现， 高表达CD141（CD141hi）DC细胞存在于人类间质真皮，肝，肺。此外，这群DC细胞有别于大部分CD1c+和CD14+组织DC细胞，在交叉呈递可溶性抗原方面性能更为优越。皮肤CD141hiDC细胞与血液CD141+DC细胞密切相关，而迁徙性CD141hiDC细胞被发现与皮肤引流淋巴结DC细胞之中。物种间比较转录组分析表明，组织中的DC细胞亚群，在人类和小鼠之间在进化上是保守的。
这些研究为设计有针对性的免疫疗法，促进将小鼠DC细胞生物学的研究成果应用于人类打下了良好的基础。（生物谷bioon.com）
doi:10.1016/j.cell.2011.10.017
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Human Tissues Contain CD141hi Cross-Presenting Dendritic Cells with Functional Homology to Mouse CD103+ Nonlymphoid Dendritic Cells
Muzlifah Haniffa, Amanda Shin, Venetia Bigley, Naomi McGovern, Pearline Teo, Peter See, Pavandip Singh Wasan, Xiao-Nong Wang, Frano Malinarich, Benoit Malleret, Anis Larbi, Pearlie Tan, Helen Zhao, Michael Poidinger, Sarah Pagan, Sharon Cookson, Rachel Dickinson, Ian Dimmick, Ruth F. Jarrett, Laurent Renia, John Tam, Colin Song, John Connolly, Jerry K.Y. Chan, Adam Gehring, Antonio Bertoletti, Matthew Collin, Florent Ginhoux
Dendritic cell (DC)-mediated cross-presentation of exogenous antigens acquired in the periphery is critical for the initiation of CD8+ T cell responses. Several DC subsets are described in human tissues but migratory cross-presenting DCs have not been isolated, despite their potential importance in immunity to pathogens, vaccines, and tumors and tolerance to self. Here, we identified a CD141hi DC present in human interstitial dermis, liver, and lung that was distinct from the majority of CD1c+ and CD14+ tissue DCs and superior at cross-presenting soluble antigens. Cutaneous CD141hi DCs were closely related to blood CD141+ DCs, and migratory counterparts were found among skin-draining lymph node DCs. Comparative transcriptomic analysis with mouse showed tissue DC subsets to be conserved between species and permitted close alignment of human and mouse DC subsets. These studies inform the rational design of targeted immunotherapies and facilitate translation of mouse functional DC biology to the human setting.
