中国工程院院士曹雪涛研究团队在最新的研究中,揭示了炎症与自身免疫疾病发生新机制,发现了组蛋白甲基化转移酶Ash1l能够通过表观调控机制抑制炎症性细胞因子--白细胞介素6的产生而阻止炎性自身免疫疾病的发生发展。
为未来防治人类自身免疫疾病提供了潜在的新型靶点。9月21日,相关研究成果发表于《免疫》(Immunity)杂志。
类风湿性关节炎等自身免疫性疾病是严重危害人类健康与影响生活质量的慢性炎症性疾病,目前临床上仍然缺少根治性疗法,因此,人们对于炎症性自身免疫性疾病发生发展机制的研究非常关注,期盼能够为该病防治药物的研发提供新机制新靶点新方向。
异常的组蛋白修饰与人类重大疾病如肿瘤、心血管疾病、自身免疫性疾病等发病密切相关,逐渐成为近年来非常热门的疾病诊断与治疗的新靶点。
针对目前组蛋白修饰在天然免疫与炎症、尤其是在自身免疫性疾病发病过程中的作用尚不十分清楚的状况,曹雪涛团队将表观遗传修饰、炎症与天然免疫应答调控、自身免疫疾病发生发展机制联系起来开展研究,与浙江大学医学院免疫研究所、第二军医大学医学免疫国家重点实验室的博士生夏梦、刘娟等通过小RNA干扰普筛实验发现,在所筛选的14种H3K4(去)甲基化转移酶中,H3K4甲基化转移酶Ash1l可以明显地负向调控巨噬细胞中病原体刺激触发的炎症性细胞因子--白细胞介素6的产生。
他们与复旦大学发育生物学研究所吴晓晖、许田教授合作,通过制备的Ash1l缺陷小鼠进一步研究发现,老龄Ash1l缺陷小鼠器官中侵润更多炎性细胞,其体内存在高水平白细胞介素6,更易自发产生自身免疫性疾病并伴发器官组织的炎性损害,表明Ash1l分子可以阻止炎症性自身免疫性疾病的发生发展。分子机制研究证明,Ash1l通过其H3K4甲基化转移酶活性诱导了抑制性因子A20的表达,通过A20对炎症信号分子NEMO和TRAF6去泛素化作用,从而抑制下游MAPK和NF-κB炎症信号通路及随后白细胞介素6的表达,进而抑制自身免疫疾病的发生。
该项研究得到国家973免疫学项目和国家基金委重点项目的资助。(生物谷 Bioon.com)
生物谷推荐的英文摘要
Immunity DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2013.08.016
Histone Methyltransferase Ash1l Suppresses Interleukin-6 Production and Inflammatory Autoimmune Diseases by Inducing the Ubiquitin-Editing Enzyme A20
Highlights
Ash1l attenuates inflammatory autoimmune disease by suppressing IL-6 production
Ash1l suppresses TLR-induced IL-6 production by enhancing A20 via SET domain
Ash1l facilitates H3K4 modification at Tnfaip3 promoter to induce its expression
Ash1l impairs TLR signaling by promoting A20-mediated NEMO and TRAF6 deubiquitination
Summary
Histone modifications play important roles in multiple physiological processes by regulating gene expression. However, the roles of histone modifications in immunity remain poorly understood. Here we report that Ash1l, a H3K4 methyltransferase, suppressed interleukin-6 (IL-6), and tumor necrosis factor (TNF) production in Toll-like receptor (TLR)-triggered macrophages, protecting mice from sepsis. Ash1l-silenced mice were more susceptible to autoimmune disease as a result of enhanced IL-6 production. Ash1l enhanced A20 expression through induction of H3K4 modification at the Tnfaip3 promoter via H3K4 methyltransferase activity of Ash1l SET (Su[var]3-9, E[z] and trithorax) domain. Ash1l suppressed NF-κB, mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) pathways, and subsequent IL-6 production via facilitating A20-mediated NF-κB signal modulator NEMO and transducer TRAF6 deubiquitination. Therefore, Ash1l-mediated H3K4 methylation at the Tnfaip3 promoter is required for controlling innate IL-6 production and suppressing inflammatory autoimmune diseases, providing mechanistic insight into epigenetic modulation of immune responses and inflammation.