据5月29日的《科学》杂志报道说,我们的皮肤是比人们从前认为的更加多样化的细菌的家园,而皮肤的局部环境(如潮湿并长有毛发的腋下或干燥、光滑的前臂等)都会影响在这些地方生长的细菌的种类。 这些发现所用的是采自健康人体的数据,它将给未来的有关细菌是如何引起诸如牛皮癣等皮肤疾病的研究提供重要的基线。
Elizabeth Grice及其同僚对人类自愿者20个不同部位的细菌进行了采样,并用基因测序的方法来鉴别这些细菌。这些取样的位置代表了人体上差异巨大的生境,包括从干燥到潮湿到油性的部位。他们发现了18个不同的细菌门。这一发现与传统认识形成了巨大的反差。传统的看法是基于实验室中细菌培养的结果,这些结果发现,我们的皮肤是由葡萄球菌占主导地位的,而且没有什么特别的差异。 文章的作者报告说,皮肤上细菌群落差异最大部位在前臂上,而差异最小的地方位于耳后。 一般来说,在个体之间的某一特定身体部位的细菌群落(如膝后)都较类似,但在某些不同身体部位之间的细菌群落则会存在极为极端的差异。文章的作者写道:“例如,长有毛发且潮湿的腋下部位与平滑、干燥的前臂之间的距离虽然很短,但这两个生境在生态学上的差异就像是雨林与沙漠之间的差异那样大。”(生物谷Bioon.com)
生物谷推荐原始出处:
Science 29 May 2009:DOI: 10.1126/science.1171700
Topographical and Temporal Diversity of the Human Skin Microbiome
Elizabeth A. Grice,1 Heidi H. Kong,2 Sean Conlan,1 Clayton B. Deming,1 Joie Davis,3 Alice C. Young,4 NISC Comparative Sequencing Program,4,* Gerard G. Bouffard,4,5 Robert W. Blakesley,4,5 Patrick R. Murray,6 Eric D. Green,4,5 Maria L. Turner,2 Julia A. Segre1,
Human skin is a large, heterogeneous organ that protects the body from pathogens while sustaining microorganisms that influence human health and disease. Our analysis of 16S ribosomal RNA gene sequences obtained from 20 distinct skin sites of healthy humans revealed that physiologically comparable sites harbor similar bacterial communities. The complexity and stability of the microbial community are dependent on the specific characteristics of the skin site. This topographical and temporal survey provides a baseline for studies that examine the role of bacterial communities in disease states and the microbial interdependencies required to maintain healthy skin.
1 Genetics and Molecular Biology Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
2 Dermatology Branch, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
3 Office of Translational Research, National Human Genome Research Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
4 NIH Intramural Sequencing Center, National Human Genome Research Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
5 Genome Technology Branch, National Human Genome Research Institute, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.
6 Clinical Microbiology Laboratory, Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Institutes of Health Clinical Center, Bethesda, MD 20892, USA.