生物工程学报 25 June 2009, 25(6):941～945
固定化脂肪酶催化毛油合成生物柴油
李俊奎, 鲁吉珂, 王芳, 谭天伟, 邓利
生物炼制教育部工程研究中心 北京市生物加工过程重点实验室, 北京 100029
摘 要: 本研究开发了一种用石油醚提取毛油的工艺, 研究了以提取的毛油和甲醇为原料, 用固定化Candida sp. 99-125脂肪酶催化合成脂肪酸甲酯(FAMEs)的可行性。同时考察了磷脂对固定化酶活性、反应起始速率、固定化酶使用批次的影响以及毛油和精炼油对固定化酶使用批次等的影响。研究结果表明, 用磷脂质量分数为1%的石油醚悬液浸泡过的脂肪酶比仅用石油醚浸泡过的脂肪酶初始转酯化速率显著下降。当大豆油中无磷脂时, 15 min时FAMEs的产率为26.2%; 磷脂质量分数为5%时, FAMEs降为12.4%。当大豆油中磷脂质量分数小于1%时, 固定化酶使用10个批次, FAMEs产率无明显变化。固定化脂肪酶催化石油醚浸提得到的大豆和小桐子毛油, 经过10个批次反应FAMEs产率都保持在70%以上, 该固定化酶直接催化毛油生产生物柴油具有良好的工业化前景。
关键词: 毛油, 磷脂, 固定化脂肪酶, 生物柴油
Synthesis of biodiesel from crude oil by immobilized lipase
Junkui Li, Jike Lu, Fang Wang, Tianwei Tan, and Li Deng
Beijing Key Laboratory of Bioprocess, The Biorefinery Research and Engineering Center of the Ministry of Education of China, Beijing 100029, China
Abstract: We used immobilized lipase from Candida sp. 99-125 to produce fatty acid methyl esters (FAMEs) from crude oil and methanol. We studied the effects of phospholipids on activity of immobilized lipase, reaction velocity, stability of immobilized lipase and the stability of immobilized lipase in crude and refined oil. Results showed that the activity of the lipase immersed in petroleum ether with 1% phospholipids dropped more quickly than the lipase in petroleum ether without phospholipids. When soybean oil was used without phospholipids as material, the FAMEs yield of 15 min was 26.2%, whereas the yield decreased to 12.4% when there were 5% phospholipids in the soybean oil. However when the phospholipids content was below 1%, the stability of the lipase did not change obviously. The lipase was stable when used to catalyze crude soybean oil and crude jatropha oil, after 10 cycles the FAMEs yield was still above 70%. This lipase showed great potential for industrial production of biodiesel from crude oil.
Keywords: crude oil, phospholipids, immobilized lipase, biodiesel
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