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近日,研究者在健康妇女的膀胱中发现了细菌的存在,这就推翻了先前的“正常的尿液是无菌的”这种说法。来自罗耀拉大学芝加哥医学院(SSOM)的研究者将他们最新的研究成果刊登在了于近日刊登在了杂志Journal of Clinical Microbiology上。SSOM的研究者Linda Brubaker表示,一般医生们认为尿液是无菌的,但是我们的研究发现证明健康人群的尿液是携带细菌的,这项研究可以为那些泌尿道感染的病人治疗提供某些建议。
这项研究中,研究者们对那些类似有泌尿道感染症状的妇女(未感染)的尿液样本进行了相关研究,对尿液进行基于高级DNA检测的方法进行分析,检测结果表明,成年女性的膀胱中存在各种形式的细菌,而这些细菌并不能用常规检测泌尿道感染的方法来进行检测。研究者Alan Wolfe表示,以前尿培养的标准方法可以检测泌尿道感染,但是完全没有发挥这种方法的用途,但是这种方法并没有我们当前所用的基于DNA检测的方法那么有效。
研究者的这项研究也注重于尿液的收集方法,研究结果显示,标准的用小杯接尿的方法明显有问题,因为来自妇女阴道的细菌也可以污染我们的样品,致使检测结果不准确。相比之下,用导管或者针管取尿液的方法相对更为有效和准确。研究者目前计划研究膀胱中哪些细菌有益,而哪些细菌又有害处。研究者们希望通过研究的方法检测到细菌之间的相互作用以及和宿主之间的作用,从而为病人的治疗提供一些帮助。研究者们的重点是识别健康人群膀胱中的细菌组成,这样研究者们才能将特定的细菌组成部分以及相应的疾病联系起来。
后期,研究者需要确定本研究中在妇女膀胱中发现的细菌和机体的泌尿状况有关系。研究者Brubaker表示,如果确实有关系的话,我们就可以给处于高风险的妇女一些提示以免于相应细菌的感染,以及给病人提供一些治疗建议。
(生物谷:T.Shen编译)
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doi:10.1128/JCM.05852-11
PMC:
PMID:
Evidence of Uncultivated Bacteria in the Adult Female Bladder
Alan J. Wolfea, Evelyn Tohb, Noriko Shibataa, Ruichen Rongc, Kimberly Kentona, MaryPat FitzGeralda, Elizabeth R. Muellera, Paul Schreckenbergera, Qunfeng Dongc, David E. Nelsonb and Linda Brubakera
Clinical urine specimens are usually considered to be sterile when they do not yield uropathogens using standard clinical cultivation procedures. Our aim was to test if the adult female bladder might contain bacteria that are not identified by these routine procedures. An additional aim was to identify and recommend the appropriate urine collection method for the study of bacterial communities in the female bladder. Consenting participants who were free of known urinary tract infection provided urine samples by voided, transurethral, and/or suprapubic collection methods. The presence of bacteria in these samples was assessed by bacterial culture, light microscopy, and 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Bacteria that are not or cannot be routinely cultivated (hereinafter called uncultivated bacteria) were common in voided urine, urine collected by transurethral catheter (TUC), and urine collected by suprapubic aspirate (SPA), regardless of whether the subjects had urinary symptoms. Voided urine samples contained mixtures of urinary and genital tract bacteria. Communities identified in parallel urine samples collected by TUC and SPA were similar. Uncultivated bacteria are clearly present in the bladders of some women. It remains unclear if these bacteria are viable and/or if their presence is relevant to idiopathic urinary tract conditions