细胞运动的接触抑制现象,是超过50年前首次在体外成纤维细胞中被发现的,研究人员认为,有缺陷的接触抑制是恶性细胞入侵中的一个因素。该现象是当两个细胞接触时出现的:它们会将其伸出的部分收回,并改变自己的运动方向。但这种抑制的分子基础、以及它是否也在活体出现仍然是存在争议的问题。
现在,神经冠细胞(起源于胚胎的高迁移性细胞)的延时显微技术被用来在活体及体外演示运动的接触抑制,而且它可以解释它们的定向迁移。但当一个神经冠细胞与另一个细胞类型相遇时,它却没有显示运动的接触抑制,而是允许它入侵组织。(生物谷Bioon.com)
生物谷推荐原始出处:
Nature 456, 957-961 (18 December 2008) | doi:10.1038/nature07441
Contact inhibition of locomotion in vivo controls neural crest directional migration
Carlos Carmona-Fontaine1, Helen K. Matthews1, Sei Kuriyama1, Mauricio Moreno1, Graham A. Dunn2, Maddy Parsons2, Claudio D. Stern1 & Roberto Mayor1
1 Department of Anatomy and Developmental Biology, University College London, London WC1E 6BT, UK
2 Randall Division of Cell and Molecular Biophysics, King's College London, London SE1 1UL, UK
Top of pageContact inhibition of locomotion was discovered by Abercrombie more than 50 years ago and describes the behaviour of fibroblast cells confronting each other in vitro, where they retract their protrusions and change direction on contact1, 2. Its failure was suggested to contribute to malignant invasion3, 4, 5, 6. However, the molecular basis of contact inhibition of locomotion and whether it also occurs in vivo are still unknown. Here we show that neural crest cells, a highly migratory and multipotent embryonic cell population, whose behaviour has been likened to malignant invasion6, 7, 8, demonstrate contact inhibition of locomotion both in vivo and in vitro, and that this accounts for their directional migration. When two migrating neural crest cells meet, they stop, collapse their protrusions and change direction. In contrast, when a neural crest cell meets another cell type, it fails to display contact inhibition of locomotion; instead, it invades the other tissue, in the same manner as metastatic cancer cells3, 5, 9. We show that inhibition of non-canonical Wnt signalling abolishes both contact inhibition of locomotion and the directionality of neural crest migration. Wnt-signalling members localize at the site of cell contact, leading to activation of RhoA in this region. These results provide the first example of contact inhibition of locomotion in vivo, provide an explanation for coherent directional migration of groups of cells and establish a previously unknown role for non-canonical Wnt signalling.