近日上海交通大学生命科学技术学院力学生物学与医学工程研究所在国家自然科学基金重点项目“血管细胞分化与迁移的力学生物学机制”研究取得重要进展,研究论文发表在本年1月18日的《美国科学院院刊》(PNAS)上。
这一研究项目是由上海交大的姜宗来教授主持的,项目组的齐颖新副研究员为论文的第一作者。姜宗来教授是改革开放以来我国自己培养的第一批医学硕士和医学博士。九十年代初留学美国,师从“现代生物力学之父”、美国国家科学院院士、国家工程院院士、国家医学科学院院士、中国科学院首批外籍院士Y. C. Fung(冯元桢)教授。1993年学成归国,由于其在生物力学领域的杰出成就,2004年获得国务院政府特殊津贴,并在2010年8月新加坡召开的第六届世界生物力学大会上当选为世界生物力学理事会理事。
动脉粥样硬化易发生在呈现血流扰动和低切应力的血管弯曲和分叉区域。探讨低切应力如何诱导血管重建(remodeling),进而导致动脉粥样硬化的力学生物学(mechanobiology)机制是心血管研究的重要科学问题。
该论文应用差异血管蛋白质组学、生物信息学和分子生物学技术相结合的方法,在组织水平和细胞分子水平对低切应力影响血管壁细胞功能的机制进行了研究。结果表明,低切应力直接作用于血管内皮细胞,增加其合成、释放血小板源性生长因子(PDGF-BB)和转化生长因子β1(TGFβ1),而增加的PDGF-BB和TGFβ1具有不同生物功能。血管内皮细胞释放的PDGF-BB参与了内皮细胞自身增殖、迁移以及细胞内多种信号转导分子的调控;同时,通过旁分泌作用调节与其相邻的血管平滑肌细胞 PDGF-BB和TGFβ1的合成以及细胞增殖、迁移和多种细胞内信号转导分子激活。血管内皮细胞释放的TGFβ1参与了内皮细胞自身增殖和迁移的调控,对血管平滑肌细胞无明显作用。此外,血管平滑肌细胞合成PDGF-BB和TGFβ1可以通过旁分泌作用反馈调节血管内皮细胞功能。
国际同行专家认为,该研究是一项卓越 (excellence) 的创新工作,在切应力调控血管重建这一复杂过程中,揭示了细胞-细胞间信息交流中PDGF-BB和TGFβ1两种分子的不同作用,对于阐明动脉粥样硬化发病机制具有重要意义。(生物谷Bioon.com)
生物谷推荐原文出处:
PNAS doi: 10.1073/pnas.1019219108
PDGF-BB and TGF-β1 on cross-talk between endothelial and smooth muscle cells in vascular remodeling induced by low shear stress
Ying-Xin Qia, Jun Jianga, Xiao-Hua Jianga, Xiao-Dong Wanga, Su-Ying Jia, Yue Hana, Ding-Kun Longa, Bao-Rong Shena, Zhi-Qiang Yana, Shu Chienb,1, and Zong-Lai Jianga,1
Abstract
Shear stress, especially low shear stress (LowSS), plays an important role in vascular remodeling during atherosclerosis. Endothelial cells (ECs), which are directly exposed to shear stress, convert mechanical stimuli into intracellular signals and interact with the underlying vascular smooth muscle cells (VSMCs). The interactions between ECs and VSMCs modulate the LowSS-induced vascular remodeling. With the use of proteomic analysis, the protein profiles of rat aorta cultured under LowSS (5 dyn/cm2) and normal shear stress (15 dyn/cm2) were compared. By using Ingenuity Pathway Analysis to identify protein–protein association, a network was disclosed that involves two secretary molecules, PDGF-BB and TGF-β1, and three other linked proteins, lamin A, lysyl oxidase, and ERK 1/2. The roles of this network in cellular communication, migration, and proliferation were further studied in vitro by a cocultured parallel-plate flow chamber system. LowSS up-regulated migration and proliferation of ECs and VSMCs, increased productions of PDGF-BB and TGF-β1, enhanced expressions of lysyl oxidase and phospho-ERK1/2, and decreased Lamin A in ECs and VSMCs. These changes induced by LowSS were confirmed by using PDGF-BB recombinant protein, siRNA, and neutralizing antibody. TGF-β1 had similar influences on ECs as PDGF-BB, but not on VSMCs. Our results suggest that ECs convert the LowSS stimuli into up-regulations of PDGF-BB and TGF-β1, but these two factors play different roles in LowSS-induced vascular remodeling. PDGF-BB is involved in the paracrine control of VSMCs by ECs, whereas TGF-β1 participates in the feedback control from VSMCs to ECs.