根据德州大学健康科学中心的第一期临床实验结果表明。采用患者自身的骨髓干细胞，可有效地治疗创伤性脑损伤(TBI)的患者。该研究已发表在本月的神经外科期刊上。
该研究的主要作者，小儿神经外科教授Charles S. Cox, Jr说，我们的数据表明将骨髓单个核细胞注入TBI小儿患者是安全的。临床试验的对象是十名5到14岁的患有重度TBI的儿童，该试验与赫尔曼纪念医院共同完成。Cox是该项目的负责人。
所有的儿童将在受伤48小时内注入来自其自身骨髓的干细胞，并使其由静脉内还原。目前研究人员正在对急性脑卒中的成年患者进行相同的骨髓干细胞植入程序的测试。在另一项测试中，Cox正在尝试使用儿童自身的脐带血干细胞治疗TBI。
第一阶段的测试旨在研究治疗的安全性和可行性，还没有评估其疗效。然而，在之后的六个月内，所有的儿童的病症都有显着改善，十个儿童中的七名儿童拥有"良好的疗效"，这意味着没有或只有轻微的残疾。
在TBI中幸存的儿童，常常伴有严重的并发症和残疾。目前，对这些脑部受伤儿童还没有有效的治疗以保护和促进大脑损伤的修复。
中文链接：http://www.chinastemcell.org/page/zixun_xwdtlist.aspx?infoid=1014
生物谷推荐英文摘要：
Neurosurgery. 2011 Mar;68(3):588-600.
Autologous bone marrow mononuclear cell therapy for severe traumatic brain injury in children.
Cox CS Jr, Baumgartner JE, Harting MT, Worth LL, Walker PA, Shah SK, Ewing-Cobbs L, Hasan KM, Day MC, Lee D, Jimenez F, Gee A.
Department of Pediatric Surgery, University of Texas Medical School at Houston, and Children's Memorial Hermann Hospital, University of Texas, Houston, Texas 77030, USA. Charles.S.Cox@uth.tmc.edu
BACKGROUND: Severe traumatic brain injury (TBI) in children is associated with substantial long-term morbidity and mortality. Currently, there are no successful neuroprotective/neuroreparative treatments for TBI. Numerous preclinical studies suggest that bone marrow-derived mononuclear cells (BMMNCs), their derivative cells (marrow stromal cells), or similar cells (umbilical cord blood cells) offer neuroprotection.
OBJECTIVE: To determine whether autologous BMMNCs are a safe treatment for severe TBI in children.
METHODS: Ten children aged 5 to 14 years with a postresuscitation Glasgow Coma Scale of 5 to 8 were treated with 6×10 autologous BMMNCs/kg body weight delivered intravenously within 48 hours after TBI. To determine the safety of the procedure, systemic and cerebral hemodynamics were monitored during bone marrow harvest; infusion-related toxicity was determined by pediatric logistic organ dysfunction (PELOD) scores, hepatic enzymes, Murray lung injury scores, and renal function. Conventional magnetic resonance imaging (cMRI) data were obtained at 1 and 6 months postinjury, as were neuropsychological and functional outcome measures.
RESULTS: All patients survived. There were no episodes of harvest-related depression of systemic or cerebral hemodynamics. There was no detectable infusion-related toxicity as determined by PELOD score, hepatic enzymes, Murray lung injury scores, or renal function. cMRI imaging comparing gray matter, white matter, and CSF volumes showed no reduction from 1 to 6 months postinjury. Dichotomized Glasgow Outcome Score at 6 months showed 70% with good outcomes and 30% with moderate to severe disability.
CONCLUSION: Bone marrow harvest and intravenous mononuclear cell infusion as treatment for severe TBI in children is logistically feasible and safe.
