2012年12月6日讯 /生物谷BIOON/ --罗切斯特大学医学中心的科学家正在测试一种新的方法,在干细胞移植后一个脆弱的时期内加快病人血球计数的回复,相关研究结果发表在Stem Cells杂志上。
用于治疗胃溃疡的药物前列腺素E2(PGE2)能促进放疗或化疗后血液的生成。虽然他们的研究是在小鼠身上开展,但研究人员认为这对未来治疗患者具有重要意义。
研究工作者说:研究令人兴奋,我们对内分泌/代谢和造血干细胞的行为具有特殊兴趣,发现了如何弥补骨髓抑制的方法。在移植手术后头6周左右,由于低血计数,患者可以很容易地获得严重感染。我们正在研究新的方法如何补充骨髓中细胞以及理解其中发生的机制。
干细胞移植也被称为骨髓移植或外周血移植,可以挽救白血以及其他血液癌症病人的生命。
造血干细胞大多居住在骨髓(海绵状骨中心)中,在那里分化或保持安静,成熟,然后进入血流或死亡。许多时间影响这些细胞的行为选择。白血病以及某些类型的淋巴瘤在化疗和放疗会破坏血液中的干细胞,移植提供了一种全新的替代疗法。
移植成功部分取决于患者身体是否能够重塑新获得足够数量的造血干细胞,Calvi的研究发现,早期PGE2治疗不仅加速血细胞的恢复,也保护了周围微环境刺激新移植细胞的生成。她说,事实上,一个最有前途的研究方向是观察骨髓微环境的活动。
通常在体内产生的前列腺素是一种激素,在放疗或化疗过程中,激素介导炎症反应。前列腺素水平通常持续大约六天上升。在这段时间内,骨髓开始慢慢地自身恢复。然而,Calvi的研究还表明,喂养PGE2药物化合物对小鼠似乎提供了一个额外的好处,即通过改变骨髓的环境,使之更快更好的产生血细胞。
研究人员已在美国和欧洲申请了专利,这项研究是由美国国家卫生研究院,美国国立糖尿病研究所等倡议。(生物谷:Bioon.com)
doi:10.1002/stem.1286
PMC:
PMID:
Prostaglandin E2 Increases Hematopoietic Stem Cell Survival and Accelerates Hematopoietic Recovery after Radiation Injury.
Rebecca L. Porter, Mary Georger, Olga Bromberg, Kathleen E. McGrath, Benjamin J. Frisch, Michael W. Becker, Laura M. Calvi.
Hematopoietic stem and progenitor cells (HSPCs), which continuously maintain all mature blood cells, are regulated within the marrow microenvironment. We previously reported that pharmacologic treatment of na?ve mice with prostaglandin E2 (PGE2) expands HSPCs. However, the cellular mechanisms mediating this expansion remain unknown. Here we demonstrate that PGE2 treatment in na?ve mice inhibits apoptosis of HSPCs without changing their proliferation rate. In a murine model of sub-lethal total body irradiation (TBI), in which HSPCs are rapidly lost, treatment with a long-acting PGE2 analogue (dmPGE2) reversed the apoptotic program initiated by TBI. dmPGE2 treatment in vivo decreased the loss of functional HSPCs following radiation injury, as demonstrated both phenotypically and by their increased reconstitution capacity. The antiapoptotic effect of dmPGE2 on HSPCs did not impair their ability to differentiate in vivo, resulting instead in improved hematopoietic recovery after TBI. dmPGE2 also increased microenvironmental cyclooxygenase-2 expression and expanded the α-SMA+ subset of marrow macrophages, thus enhancing the bone marrow microenvironmental response to TBI. Therefore, in vivo treatment with PGE2 analogues may be particularly beneficial to HSPCs in the setting of injury by targeting them both directly and also through their niche. The current data provide rationale for in vivo manipulation of the HSPC pool as a strategy to improve recovery after myelosuppression