来自南开大学生命科学学院、美国康奈尔大学的研究人员发表了题为“Activation of Liver X Receptor Induces Macrophage Interleukin-5 Expression”,揭示了一条抑制动脉粥样硬化形成的新分子信号途径。相关成果发布在近期的《生物化学杂志》(JBC)上。
南开大学的韩际宏(Jihong Han)教授与段亚君(Yajun Duan)为这篇论文的共同通讯作者。韩际宏现为南开大学生命科学学院特聘教授、973计划首席科学家、长江学者特聘教授。主要研究领域为动脉粥样硬化成病机理与治疗;胆固醇及脂质代谢信号通路。
动脉粥样硬化(atherosclerosis)是动脉硬化血管病中最常见的一种,其特点是大、中动脉内膜出现含胆固醇、类脂肪等的黄色物质,多由脂肪代谢紊乱、神经血管功能失调引起。常导致血栓形成、供血障碍等。动脉粥样硬化一直是西方发达国家的主要死亡原因。近年来随着中国人民生活水平的提高和饮食习惯的改变,该病也成为了中国的主要死亡原因。
过去的研究证实IL-5可通过阻断巨噬细胞摄取氧化型低密度脂蛋白(oxidized low density lipoprotein,ox-LDL)来生成T15/EO6 IgM抗体,巨噬细胞IL-5表达缺陷可加速动脉粥样硬化形成。此外,肝X受体(liver X receptors,LXRs)作为一类配体激活转录因子,可以诱导巨噬细胞ABCA1表达和胆固醇外流,从而抑制动脉粥样硬化形成。然而,目前并不清楚巨噬细胞IL-5表达调控是否与LXR的抗动脉硬化特性具有相关性。
在这篇新文章中,研究人员初步确定了LXR配体(T0901317)可诱导巨噬细胞IL-5蛋白表达和分泌。LXR过表达则IL-5蛋白表达增高,反之IL-5蛋白表达则受到抑制。此外,研究人员发现LXR激活提高了启动子活性,增进了IL-5转录,促进了LXR?LXR效应元件复合物形成,并维持了IL-5蛋白的稳定性。在体内,他们发现T0901317提高了野生型小鼠血浆中的IL-5和总体IgM水平,以及多个组织中的IL-5表达。在LDL受体敲除(LDLR-/-)的小鼠中,T0901317提高了主动脉根部区域的IL-5表达。
这些研究结果表明巨噬细胞IL-5是LXR激活的一个靶基因,诱导巨噬细胞IL-5表达有可能与LXR抑制动脉粥样硬化相关。(生物谷Bioon.com)
doi: 10.1074/jbc.M112.403394
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Activation of Liver X Receptor Induces Macrophage Interleukin-5 Expression
Yuanli Chen‡§, Yajun Duan‡§,1,2, Yanhua Kang‡§, Xiaoxiao Yang‡§, Meixiu Jiang‡§, Ling Zhang‡§, Guangliang Li‡§, Zhinan Yin‡§, Wenquan Hu‡§, Pengzhi Dong‡§, Xiaoju Li‡§, David P. Hajjar¶ and Jihong Han‡§,1,3
IL-5 stimulates production of T15/EO6 IgM antibodies that can block the uptake of oxidized low density lipoprotein by macrophages, whereas a deficiency in macrophage IL-5 expression accelerates development of atherosclerosis. Liver X receptors (LXRs) are ligand-activated transcription factors that can induce macrophage ABCA1 expression and cholesterol efflux, thereby inhibiting the development of atherosclerosis. However, it remains unknown whether additional mechanisms, such as the regulation of macrophage IL-5 expression, are related to the anti-atherogenic properties of LXR. We initially defined IL-5 expression in macrophages where the LXR ligand (T0901317) induced macrophage IL-5 protein expression and secretion. The overexpression of LXR increased, whereas its knockdown inhibited IL-5 expression. Furthermore, we found that LXR activation increased IL-5 transcripts, promoter activity, formation of an LXR·LXR-responsive element complex, and IL-5 protein stability. In vivo, we found that T0901317 increased IL-5 and total IgM levels in plasma and IL-5 expression in multiple tissues in wild type mice. In LDL receptor knock-out (LDLR−/−) mice, T0901317 increased IL-5 expression in the aortic root area. Taken together, our studies demonstrate that macrophage IL-5 is a target gene for LXR activation, and the induction of macrophage IL-5 expression can be related to LXR-inhibited atherosclerosis.