加州大学医学院分子医学和癌症研究中心，Ludwig癌症研究所的科学家在基因组稳定性的研究上去的新的进展，研究性文章Specific pathways prevent duplication-mediated genome rearrangements已发表在最新一期的Nature上。
万事万物都处于运动当中，细胞中的基因组也不例外，基因组可能发生突变，可能发生序列重复，种种的变故导致基因组重排和不稳定。一旦，这些细微的变化蓄积的多了，或是在某些关键的部分发生决定性的变化可能导致机体机能发生变化，导致疾病甚至癌症的发生。
在每个细胞中，有大量的不同的蛋白保护着基因组，维持基因组的稳定性，防止重排或是错配的发生。但是，究竟是哪些蛋白，哪些基因在这过程中发挥了重要的作用，科学家们并不清楚。
加州大学的科学家们研究发现，在酿酒酵母染色体V左臂中，有13个基因发挥着防止基因组重排的作用。它们分别是:SGS1,TOP3,RMI1,SRS2,RAD6,SLX1,SLX4,SLX5,MSH2,MSH6,RAD10和与DNA复制监测点有关的MRC1、TOF1。
这些研究结果表明，真核细胞有多个基因保护基因组稳定性，也为基因组稳定性的研究提供了新的思路。（生物谷Bioon.com）
生物谷推荐原始出处：
Nature advance online publication 29 July 2009 | doi:10.1038/nature08217
Specific pathways prevent duplication-mediated genome rearrangements
Christopher D. Putnam1, Tikvah K. Hayes1 & Richard D. Kolodner1
Ludwig Institute for Cancer Research, Departments of Medicine and Cellular and Molecular Medicine and Cancer Center, University of California School of Medicine, San Diego, 9500 Gilman Drive, La Jolla, California 92093-0669, USA
We have investigated the ability of different regions of the left arm of Saccharomyces cerevisiae chromosome V to participate in the formation of gross chromosomal rearrangements (GCRs). We found that the 4.2-kilobase HXT13-DSF1 region sharing divergent homology with chromosomes IV, X and XIV, similar to mammalian segmental duplications, was 'at risk' for participating in duplication-mediated GCRs generated by homologous recombination. Numerous genes and pathways, including SGS1, TOP3, RMI1, SRS2, RAD6, SLX1, SLX4, SLX5, MSH2, MSH6, RAD10 and the DNA replication stress checkpoint requiring MRC1 and TOF1, were highly specific for suppressing these GCRs compared to GCRs mediated by single-copy sequences. These results indicate that the mechanisms for formation and suppression of rearrangements occurring in regions containing at-risk sequences differ from those occurring in regions of single-copy sequence. This explains how extensive genome instability is prevented in eukaryotic cells whose genomes contain numerous divergent repeated sequences.
