德国科学家近日报告说,他们查明了一种家族性帕金森氏症的致病机理,并发现了此病一种可能的治疗靶点。
2003年科学家曾发现少数人的家族性帕金森氏症是由他们携带的DJ-1基因变异引起的。但是迄今科学界对DJ-1了解并不多。
德意志研究联合会脑分子生理学研究中心科学家4日报告说,他们利用细胞内折叠酶生物传感器查明DJ-1蛋白存在于健康细胞的细胞质溶质中,并以同型二聚体的形式存在。所谓同型二聚体,即两个相同分子的形式与细胞膜和细胞器相关联。这种蛋白的另一个功能是作为所谓“伴娘蛋白”与新合成的蛋白形成复合物并协助它正确折叠。当DJ-1基因发生最常见的“L166P”点突变时,DJ-1蛋白的亚细胞分布不仅会改变,其同型二聚体化能力和“伴娘蛋白”功能也会被削弱,由此会产生错误折叠的蛋白,并最终导致神经细胞坏死。
与此同时,德国科学家还意外发现一种名为“BAG1”的蛋白可以与DJ-1蛋白结合,并能在后者变异的情况下恢复其同型二聚体化能力和“伴娘蛋白”功能,从而能避免细胞坏死。这为将来科学家找到治疗DJ-1基因变异引起的帕金森氏症的办法提供了一种可能性。(生物谷Bioon.com)
更多阅读
The Lancet Neuro.: 大脑植入电极治疗帕金森氏症效果佳
Nature Genetics:全基因组关联研究发现帕金森氏症易感基因
Science:在啮齿类身上测试对帕金森氏病的脊髓治疗
生物谷推荐原文出处:
JCB doi: 10.1083/jcb.200904103
BAG1 restores formation of functional DJ-1 L166P dimers and DJ-1 chaperone activity
Sebastian Deeg1, Mathias Gralle2, Kamila Sroka1, Mathias B?hr1,3, Fred Silvester Wouters2,3, and Pawel Kermer1,3
Mutations in the gene coding for DJ-1 protein lead to early-onset recessive forms of Parkinson’s disease. It is believed that loss of DJ-1 function is causative for disease, although the function of DJ-1 still remains a matter of controversy. We show that DJ-1 is localized in the cytosol and is associated with membranes and organelles in the form of homodimers. The disease-related mutation L166P shifts its subcellular distribution to the nucleus and decreases its ability to dimerize, impairing cell survival. Using an intracellular foldase biosensor, we found that wild-type DJ-1 possesses chaperone activity, which is abolished by the L166P mutation. We observed that this aberrant phenotype can be reversed by the expression of the cochaperone BAG1 (Bcl-2–associated athanogene 1), restoring DJ-1 subcellular distribution, dimer formation, and chaperone activity and ameliorating cell survival.