长期空间飞行中,由于失重导致的骨丢失位列航天员健康的各种风险因素之首。中国航天员科研训练中心航天医学基础与应用国家重点实验室李英贤研究团队与香港浸会大学、军事医学科学院、301医院以及暨南大学的相关研究单位团结协作,在失重性骨丢失研究领域取得了世界级的突破性研究成果,发现和阐释了一个同时参与造成失重和增龄性成骨能力降低的小核酸的功能,并且在实验中针对该小核酸开发的治疗药物成功防止了模拟失重和增龄导致的成骨能力下降以及骨丢失。今天,该研究成果在线发表于国际权威学术期刊《自然-医学》。
空间骨丢失是制约人类进军深空的瓶颈因素,也是建设月球基地和探索火星之前必须解决的影响航天员安全健康的问题。小核酸分子(microRNA)在发育、凋亡、代谢以及人类疾病方面起着重要的调控作用。李英贤研究团队与301医院骨科研究所、暨南大学临床医院等单位合作,经过3年的协作积累与统计分析,对参与骨发育调控的microRNA分子在大量临床骨质疏松样本中进行了大规模的筛选与鉴定。军事医学科学院贺福初院士的生物信息学研究团队对这些数据进行了统计分析,将研究目标锁定在一个与成骨细胞的功能负相关的小核酸分子(microRNA-214)。这个小核酸分子可以调控成骨细胞的分化过程,调控成骨细胞的矿化成骨能力。在此基础上,该团队在体外合成了microRNA-214的特异性抑制剂,借助于能够靶向成骨细胞的核酸递送系统,将microRNA-214分子抑制剂精确递送到成骨细胞表面。
实验数据表明,以microRNA-214为靶点的靶向治疗能显著抑制了模拟失重所致的骨质疏松和增龄性骨质疏松。该项研究成果对未来中国航天员在空间站长期驻留所导致的骨质丢失的防护和逆转老年人骨质疏松迈出了坚实的一步。(生物谷Bioon.com)
doi:10.1038/nm.3026
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miR-214 targets ATF4 to inhibit bone formation
Xiaogang Wang, Baosheng Guo, Qi Li, Jiang Peng, Zhijun Yang, Aiyuan Wang, Dong Li, Zhibo Hou, Ke Lv, Guanghan Kan, Hongqing Cao, Heng Wu, Jinping Song, Xiaohua Pan, Qiao Sun, Shukuan Ling, Yuheng Li, Mu Zhu, Pengfei Zhang, Songlin Peng, Xiaoqing Xie, Tao Tang, An Hong, Zhaoxiang Bian, Yanqiang Bai, Aiping Lu, Yinghui Li, Fuchu He, Ge Zhang & Yingxian Li
Emerging evidence indicates that microRNAs (miRNAs) have important roles in regulating osteogenic differentiation and bone formation. Thus far, no study has established the pathophysiological role for miRNAs identified in human osteoporotic bone specimens. Here we found that elevated miR-214 levels correlated with a lower degree of bone formation in bone specimens from aged patients with fractures. We also found that osteoblast-specific manipulation of miR-214 levels by miR-214 antagomir treatment in miR-214 transgenic, ovariectomized, or hindlimb-unloaded mice revealed an inhibitory role of miR-214 in regulating bone formation. Further, in vitro osteoblast activity and matrix mineralization were promoted by antagomir-214 and decreased by agomir-214, and miR-214 directly targeted ATF4 to inhibit osteoblast activity. These data suggest that miR-214 has a crucial role in suppressing bone formation and that miR-214 inhibition in osteoblasts may be a potential anabolic strategy for ameliorating osteoporosis.