2013年6月30日 讯 /生物谷BIOON/ --近日一项刊登在国际杂志Molecular Microbiology上的研究报告中,来自马萨诸塞大学的研究者通过使用生化技术和质谱分析法来追踪蛋白酶ClpXP,从而揭示蛋白质的降解对于细胞周期进程以及细菌的发育重要的分子机制,这项研究或为开发新型抗生素提供思路。
研究者表示,在细菌细胞中,蛋白质的降解对于其生长发育以及适应环境都至关重要。一种名为能量依赖性的蛋白酶类对于主要来负责细菌细胞蛋白质的降解,但是这些蛋白酶识别什么样的靶点以及如何工作目前并不清楚。
这项研究中,研究者使用模式细菌新月柄杆菌来进行研究,首先研究者构建了蛋白酶突变体,这样突变体细菌细胞就不能识别下游靶点,随后研究者就利用质谱分析法来识别被捕获的蛋白质,这些靶点蛋白包括了参与细菌DNA复制、转录以及细胞骨架改变等过程的蛋白质。
下一步研究者筛选到了一种名为TacA的蛋白质,新月柄杆菌每分裂一次就会产生两种不同的细胞亚型,TacA是在其中一种类型细胞中产生的。研究者Chien表示,我们使用生化和蛋白质纯化技术鉴别出了TacA的哪一部分对于ClpXP的降解至关重要。随后通过构建TacA的突变体我们发现,在细胞中表达TacA时,这些细胞并不能发育成为两种正确类型的细胞。因为发育的改变对于致病菌入侵宿主至关重要,这些研究进展或许为将来开发新型抗生素提供希望,相关研究由美国国立综合医学科学研究院提供资助。(生物谷Bioon.com)
doi:10.1111/mmi.12166
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Regulated proteolysis of a transcription factor complex is critical to cell cycle progression in Caulobacter crescentus
Kasia G. Gora1,2,†, Amber Cantin3,†, Matthew Wohlever1, Kamal K. Joshi3,4, Barrett S. Perchuk1, Peter Chien3,4,*, Michael T. Laub1,2,*
Cell cycle transitions are often triggered by the proteolysis of key regulatory proteins. In Caulobacter crescentus, the G1-S transition involves the degradation of an essential DNA-binding response regulator, CtrA, by the ClpXP protease. Here, we show that another critical cell cycle regulator, SciP, is also degraded during the G1-S transition, but by the Lon protease. SciP is a small protein that binds directly to CtrA and prevents it from activating target genes during G1. We demonstrate that SciP must be degraded during the G1-S transition so that cells can properly activate CtrA-dependent genes following DNA replication initiation and the reaccumulation of CtrA. These results indicate that like CtrA, SciP levels are tightly regulated during the Caulobacter cell cycle. In addition, we show that formation of a complex between CtrA and SciP at target promoters protects both proteins from their respective proteases. Degradation of either protein thus helps trigger the destruction of the other, facilitating a cooperative disassembly of the complex. Collectively, our results indicate that ClpXP and Lon each degrade an important cell cycle regulator, helping to trigger the onset of S phase and prepare cells for the subsequent programmes of gene expression critical to polar morphogenesis and cell division.